Aṣṭāvakra Gītā / Aṣṭāvakra (अध्याय १८) / 18.36
18.36
the Aṣṭāvakra Gītā (अष्टावक्र गीता)
नाप्नोति कर्मणा मोक्षं विमूढोऽभ्यासरूपिणा ।
धन्यो विज्ञानमात्रेण मुक्तस् तिष्ठत्यविक्रियः nāpnoti karmaṇā mokṣaṃ vimūḍho 'bhyāsarūpiṇā |
dhanyo vijñānamātreṇa muktas tiṣṭhaty avikriyaḥ
The line
The very dull one does not obtain liberation by action that has the form of practice. The fortunate one, by mere clear knowing, stands freed and unchanging.
नेपालीमा
अभ्यासरूपी कर्मले विमूढले मोक्ष पाउँदैन। धन्य व्यक्ति विज्ञान मात्रले मुक्त भएर अविक्रिय रहन्छ।
Where it sits
Astavakra is still speaking. Action that has the form of practice is denied as what frees the very dull one.
Split: na (न) + āpnoti (आप्नोति) + karmaṇā (कर्मणा) + mokṣam (मोक्षम्) + vimūḍhaḥ (विमूढः) + abhyāsarūpiṇā (अभ्यासरूपिणा) + dhanyaḥ (धन्यः) + vijñānamātreṇa (विज्ञानमात्रेण) + muktaḥ (मुक्तः) + tiṣṭhati (तिष्ठति) + avikriyaḥ (अविक्रियः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| na (न) | indeclinable | not. Joined with āpnoti (आप्नोति) as nāpnoti (नाप्नोति). |
| āpnoti (आप्नोति) | present third person singular | obtains. |
| karmaṇā (कर्मणा) | instrumental singular, neuter | by action. |
| mokṣam (मोक्षम्) | accusative singular, masculine | liberation. |
| vimūḍhaḥ (विमूढः) | nominative singular, masculine | the very dull one. Recited vimūḍho (विमूढो) with the avagraha. |
| abhyāsarūpiṇā (अभ्यासरूपिणा) | instrumental singular, neuter | by what has the form of practice. Agrees with karmaṇā (कर्मणा). |
| dhanyaḥ (धन्यः) | nominative singular, masculine | the fortunate one. Recited dhanyo (धन्यो) before v (व्). |
| vijñānamātreṇa (विज्ञानमात्रेण) | instrumental singular, neuter | by mere clear knowing. |
| muktaḥ (मुक्तः) | nominative singular, masculine | freed. Recited muktas (मुक्त) before t (त्). |
| tiṣṭhati (तिष्ठति) | present third person singular | stands. Recited tiṣṭhaty (तिष्ठत्य्) before the vowel. |
| avikriyaḥ (अविक्रियः) | nominative singular, masculine | unchanging. Agrees with dhanyaḥ (धन्यः). |
The phrases
vimūḍhaḥ (विमूढः) is the subject of na āpnoti (न आप्नोति). karmaṇā abhyāsarūpiṇā (कर्मणा अभ्यासरूपिणा) is the means, mokṣam (मोक्षम्) the object. dhanyaḥ (धन्यः), muktaḥ (मुक्तः), and avikriyaḥ (अविक्रियः) agree as the subject of tiṣṭhati (तिष्ठति). vijñānamātreṇa (विज्ञानमात्रेण) is the means.
Sanskrit in this line
na plus āpnoti (आप्नोति) is nāpnoti (नाप्नोति). vimūḍhaḥ (विमूढः) plus abhyāsarūpiṇā (अभ्यासरूपिणा) is vimūḍho (विमूढो) with the avagraha. muktaḥ (मुक्तः) plus tiṣṭhati (तिष्ठति) is muktas. tiṣṭhati (तिष्ठति) plus avikriyaḥ (अविक्रियः) is tiṣṭhaty (तिष्ठत्य्).
Say it back
By what does the fortunate one stand freed?