Aṣṭāvakra Gītā / Aṣṭāvakra (अध्याय १८) / 18.51
18.51
the Aṣṭāvakra Gītā (अष्टावक्र गीता)
अकर्तृत्वमभोक्तृत्वं स्वात्मनो मन्यते यदा ।
तदा क्षीणा भवन्त्येव समस्ताश् चित्तवृत्तयः akartṛtvam abhoktṛtvaṃ svātmano manyate yadā |
tadā kṣīṇā bhavanty eva samastāś cittavṛttayaḥ
The line
When he considers his own self as not an agent and not an enjoyer, then all the movements of mind dwindle.
नेपालीमा
जब आफ्नो आत्माको अकर्तृत्व र अभोक्तृत्व मान्छ, तब सबै चित्तवृत्ति क्षीण हुन्छन्।
Where it sits
Astavakra is still speaking. The dwindling of mental movements is placed at the moment he considers the self this way.
Split: akartṛtvam (अकर्तृत्वम्) + abhoktṛtvam (अभोक्तृत्वम्) + svātmanaḥ (स्वात्मनः) + manyate (मन्यते) + yadā (यदा) + tadā (तदा) + kṣīṇāḥ (क्षीणाः) + bhavanti (भवन्ति) + eva (एव) + samastāḥ (समस्ताः) + cittavṛttayaḥ (चित्तवृत्तयः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| akartṛtvam (अकर्तृत्वम्) | accusative singular, neuter | the state of not being an agent. |
| abhoktṛtvam (अभोक्तृत्वम्) | accusative singular, neuter | the state of not being an enjoyer. |
| svātmanaḥ (स्वात्मनः) | genitive singular, masculine | of one's own self. Recited svātmano (स्वात्मनो) before m (म्). |
| manyate (मन्यते) | present third person singular | he considers. |
| yadā (यदा) | indeclinable | when. |
| tadā (तदा) | indeclinable | then. |
| kṣīṇāḥ (क्षीणाः) | nominative plural, feminine | dwindled. The visarga is lost before bhavanti (भवन्ति). |
| bhavanti (भवन्ति) | present third person plural | they become. Recited bhavanty (भवन्त्य्) before eva (एव). |
| eva (एव) | indeclinable | indeed. |
| samastāḥ (समस्ताः) | nominative plural, feminine | all. Recited samastāś (समस्ताश्) before c (च्). |
| cittavṛttayaḥ (चित्तवृत्तयः) | nominative plural, feminine | movements of mind. |
The phrases
yadā (यदा) and tadā (तदा) pair. manyate (मन्यते) takes akartṛtvam (अकर्तृत्वम्) and abhoktṛtvam (अभोक्तृत्वम्) of svātmanaḥ (स्वात्मनः). kṣīṇāḥ samastāḥ cittavṛttayaḥ (क्षीणाः समस्ताः चित्तवृत्तयः) is the subject of bhavanti (भवन्ति).
Sanskrit in this line
svātmanaḥ (स्वात्मनः) plus manyate is svātmano (स्वात्मनो) manyate. kṣīṇāḥ (क्षीणाः) loses its visarga before bhavanti. bhavanti plus eva is bhavanty eva. samastāḥ (समस्ताः) plus cittavṛttayaḥ (चित्तवृत्तयः) is samastāś (समस्ताश्) cittavṛttayaḥ (चित्तवृत्तयः).
Say it back
When do all the movements of mind dwindle?