Aṣṭāvakra Gītā / Aṣṭāvakra (अध्याय १८) / 18.65
18.65
the Aṣṭāvakra Gītā (अष्टावक्र गीता)
sa eva dhanya ātmajñaḥ sarvabhāveṣu yaḥ samaḥ | paśyan śṛṇvan spṛśan jighrannअśnannistarṣamānasaḥ
The line
He alone is fortunate, the knower of the self, who is even in all states, seeing, hearing, touching, smelling, eating, his mind without craving.
नेपालीमा
सबै भावमा सम रहेको, हेर्दै सुन्दै छुँदै सुँघ्दै खाँदै, मन तृष्णारहित भएको आत्मज्ञ नै धन्य हो।
Where it sits
Aṣṭāvakra (अष्टावक्र) is still speaking, and the pure silent one is now named as the knower of the self.
Split: saḥ (सः) + eva (एव) + dhanyaḥ (धन्यः) + ātmajñaḥ (आत्मज्ञः) + sarvabhāveṣu (सर्वभावेषु) + yaḥ (यः) + samaḥ (समः) + paśyan (पश्यन्) + śṛṇvan (शृण्वन्) + spṛśan (स्पृशन्) + jighran (जिघ्रन्) + aśnan (अश्नन्) + nistarṣamānasaḥ (निस्तर्षमानसः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| saḥ (सः) | nominative singular, masculine | he. Recited sa (स) before eva (एव), the visarga dropped. |
| eva (एव) | indeclinable | alone, just that one. |
| dhanyaḥ (धन्यः) | nominative singular, masculine | fortunate. Visarga dropped before the following vowel. |
| ātmajñaḥ (आत्मज्ञः) | nominative singular, masculine | a knower of the self. jña (ज्ञ) is a knower. |
| sarvabhāveṣu (सर्वभावेषु) | locative plural, masculine | in all states. bhāva (भाव) is a state of things. |
| yaḥ (यः) | nominative singular, masculine | who. |
| samaḥ (समः) | nominative singular, masculine | even, the same. Agrees with yaḥ (यः). |
| paśyan (पश्यन्) | nominative singular, masculine | seeing. Present participle of dṛś (दृश्). |
| śṛṇvan (शृण्वन्) | nominative singular, masculine | hearing. Present participle of śru (श्रु). |
| spṛśan (स्पृशन्) | nominative singular, masculine | touching. Present participle of spṛś (स्पृश्). |
| jighran (जिघ्रन्) | nominative singular, masculine | smelling. Present participle of ghrā (घ्रा). The file prints a doubled n (न्) and an independent a (अ) after it. |
| aśnan (अश्नन्) | nominative singular, masculine | eating. Present participle of aś (अश्). Recited aśnann (अश्नन्न्) before ni (नि). |
| nistarṣamānasaḥ (निस्तर्षमानसः) | nominative singular, masculine | one whose mind is without craving. mānasa (मानस) is the mind. nistarṣa (निस्तर्ष) is without thirst. |
The phrases
saḥ (सः) eva (एव) points to ātmajñaḥ (आत्मज्ञः) and dhanyaḥ (धन्यः). yaḥ (यः) samaḥ (समः) is the relative clause, located in sarvabhāveṣu (सर्वभावेषु). The five participles agree with yaḥ (यः), and nistarṣamānasaḥ (निस्तर्षमानसः) agrees with them.
Sanskrit in this line
saḥ (सः) before eva (एव) drops the visarga. dhanyaḥ (धन्यः) before ātma (आत्म) drops the visarga and the file keeps the vowels apart. jighran (जिघ्रन्) is printed जिघ्रन्न् अश्नन्, a doubled n (न्) and then an independent अ, so the recited line keeps that अ. aśnan (अश्नन्) plus the following nis is aśnannistarṣa (अश्नन्निस्तर्ष).
Say it back
Who is called fortunate, and what is his mind free of while he sees and eats?