Aṣṭāvakra Gītā / Aṣṭāvakra (अध्याय १८) / 18.83
18.83
the Aṣṭāvakra Gītā (अष्टावक्र गीता)
धीरो न द्वेष्टि संसारमात्मानं न दिदृक्षति ।
हर्षामर्षविनिर्मुक्तो न मृतो न च जीवति dhīro na dveṣṭi saṃsāram ātmānaṃ na didṛkṣati |
harṣāmarṣavinirmukto na mṛto na ca jīvati
The line
The steady one does not hate the round of birth, and he does not long to see the self. Fully released from thrill and from impatience, he is not dead, and he does not live.
नेपालीमा
धीरले संसारलाई द्वेष गर्दैन, आत्मालाई देख्न चाहँदैन। हर्ष र अमर्षबाट मुक्त, ऊ मरेको पनि होइन र बाँचेको पनि होइन।
Where it sits
Aṣṭāvakra (अष्टावक्र) is still speaking, and the one who sees no work is now the steady one who neither hates the round nor longs to see the self.
Split: dhīraḥ (धीरः) + na (न) + dveṣṭi (द्वेष्टि) + saṃsāram (संसारम्) + ātmānam (आत्मानम्) + na (न) + didṛkṣati (दिदृक्षति) + harṣāmarṣavinirmuktaḥ (हर्षामर्षविनिर्मुक्तः) + na (न) + mṛtaḥ (मृतः) + na (न) + ca (च) + jīvati (जीवति)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| dhīraḥ (धीरः) | nominative singular, masculine | the steady one. Recited dhīro (धीरो) before n (न्). Subject of the verbs. |
| na (न) | indeclinable | not. |
| dveṣṭi (द्वेष्टि) | present third person singular | hates. From dviṣ (द्विष्). |
| saṃsāram (संसारम्) | accusative singular, masculine | the round of birth. Object of dveṣṭi (द्वेष्टि). Joined by m (म्) to ā (आ). |
| ātmānam (आत्मानम्) | accusative singular, masculine | the self. Object of didṛkṣati (दिदृक्षति). |
| na (न) | indeclinable | not. |
| didṛkṣati (दिदृक्षति) | present third person singular | longs to see. Desiderative of dṛś (दृश्). |
| harṣāmarṣavinirmuktaḥ (हर्षामर्षविनिर्मुक्तः) | nominative singular, masculine | fully released from thrill and from impatience. vinirmukta (विनिर्मुक्त) is fully released. harṣa (हर्ष) is thrill. amarṣa (अमर्ष) is impatience. Recited vinirmukto (विनिर्मुक्तो) before n (न्). |
| na (न) | indeclinable | not. |
| mṛtaḥ (मृतः) | nominative singular, masculine | dead. Recited mṛto (मृतो) before n (न्). |
| na (न) | indeclinable | not. |
| ca (च) | indeclinable | and. |
| jīvati (जीवति) | present third person singular | lives. From jīv (जीव्). |
The phrases
dhīraḥ (धीरः) is the subject. na (न) dveṣṭi (द्वेष्टि) takes saṃsāram (संसारम्), and na (न) didṛkṣati (दिदृक्षति) takes ātmānam (आत्मानम्). harṣāmarṣavinirmuktaḥ (हर्षामर्षविनिर्मुक्तः) agrees with dhīraḥ (धीरः). na (न) mṛtaḥ (मृतः) and na (न) ca (च) jīvati (जीवति) are the two denials of the second half.
Sanskrit in this line
dhīraḥ (धीरः) before n (न्) is dhīro (धीरो). saṃsāram (संसारम्) plus ātmānam (आत्मानम्) joins m (म्) to ā (आ). harṣāmarṣavinirmuktaḥ (हर्षामर्षविनिर्मुक्तः) before n (न्) is recited with o (ओ). mṛtaḥ (मृतः) before n (न्) is mṛto (मृतो).
Say it back
What does the steady one neither hate nor long to see, and which two life claims does he refuse?