Aṣṭāvakra Gītā / Janaka (अध्याय २०) / 20.10
20.10
the Aṣṭāvakra Gītā (अष्टावक्र गीता)
क्व चैष व्यवहारो वा क्व च सा परमार्थता ।
क्व सुखं क्व च वा दुखं निर्विमर्शस्य मे सदा kva caiṣa vyavahāro vā kva ca sā paramārthatā |
kva sukhaṃ kva ca vā dukhaṃ nirvimarśasya me sadā
The line
Where is this ordinary dealing, or where, and where is that being the highest aim? Where is pleasure, and where or pain, of me who am always without pondering?
नेपालीमा
सधैँ विमर्श नगर्ने मेरो लागि यो व्यवहार कहाँ छ, त्यो परम अर्थ हुनु कहाँ छ? सुख कहाँ छ, दुःख कहाँ छ?
Where it sits
Janaka is still speaking. Ordinary dealing and the highest aim are one pair, pleasure and pain the next.
Split: kva (क्व) + ca (च) + eṣaḥ (एषः) + vyavahāraḥ (व्यवहारः) + vā (वा) + kva (क्व) + ca (च) + sā (सा) + paramārthatā (परमार्थता) + kva (क्व) + sukham (सुखम्) + kva (क्व) + ca (च) + vā (वा) + duḥkham (दुःखम्) + nirvimarśasya (निर्विमर्शस्य) + me (मे) + sadā (सदा)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| kva (क्व) | indeclinable | where? |
| ca (च) | indeclinable | and. |
| eṣaḥ (एषः) | nominative singular, masculine | this. Before a consonant this pronoun is eṣa (एष). Recited in caiṣa (चैष). |
| vyavahāraḥ (व्यवहारः) | nominative singular, masculine | ordinary dealing. Recited vyavahāro (व्यवहारो) before vā (वा). Agrees with eṣaḥ (एषः). |
| vā (वा) | indeclinable | or. |
| kva (क्व) | indeclinable | where? |
| ca (च) | indeclinable | and. |
| sā (सा) | nominative singular, feminine | that. Agrees with paramārthatā (परमार्थता). |
| paramārthatā (परमार्थता) | nominative singular, feminine | being the highest aim. Read from tā (ता). |
| kva (क्व) | indeclinable | where? |
| sukham (सुखम्) | nominative singular, neuter | pleasure. |
| kva (क्व) | indeclinable | where? |
| ca (च) | indeclinable | and. |
| vā (वा) | indeclinable | or. |
| duḥkham (दुःखम्) | nominative singular, neuter | pain. The file prints dukham (दुखम्), and the visarga is not there. |
| nirvimarśasya (निर्विमर्शस्य) | genitive singular, masculine | of one without pondering. Agrees with me (मे). |
| me (मे) | genitive singular | of me. |
| sadā (सदा) | indeclinable | always. |
The phrases
eṣaḥ (एषः) agrees with vyavahāraḥ (व्यवहारः). sā (सा) agrees with paramārthatā (परमार्थता). nirvimarśasya (निर्विमर्शस्य) agrees with me (मे).
Sanskrit in this line
eṣaḥ (एषः) before a consonant is eṣa (एष), and ca plus eṣa (एष) is caiṣa (चैष). vyavahāraḥ (व्यवहारः) before vā (वा) is vyavahāro (व्यवहारो). The file prints dukham with no visarga, and the table restores duḥkham (दुःखम्).
Say it back
What stands as the pair of ordinary dealing?