1.1.31
Nyāya Sūtra / Adhyāya 1 / 1.1.31
अपरीक्षिताभ्युपगमात् तद्विशेषपरीक्षणमभ्युपगमसिद्धान्तः
aparīkṣitābhyupagamāt tadviśeṣaparīkṣaṇam abhyupagamasiddhāntaḥ
The line
A tenet by acceptance is the examination of a particular that proceeds from something accepted without examination.
नेपालीमा
स्वीकारको सिद्धान्त त्यो विशेषको परीक्षा हो जुन परीक्षा नगरी स्वीकारिएको कुराबाट अघि बढ्छ।
Where it sits
abhyupagama from 1.1.27, and from the compound in 1.1.26, is the kind being defined.
Split: aparīkṣita-abhyupagamāt (अपरीक्षित-अभ्युपगमात्) + tad-viśeṣa-parīkṣaṇam (तद्-विशेष-परीक्षणम्) + abhyupagama-siddhāntaḥ (अभ्युपगम-सिद्धान्तः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| aparīkṣita-abhyupagamāt (अपरीक्षित-अभ्युपगमात्) | ablative singular, masculine | from an acceptance that has not been examined |
| tad-viśeṣa-parīkṣaṇam (तद्-विशेष-परीक्षणम्) | nominative singular, neuter | the examination of a particular of that |
| abhyupagama-siddhāntaḥ (अभ्युपगम-सिद्धान्तः) | nominative singular, masculine | a tenet by acceptance |
The phrases
Inquiry often grants a point in order to test something under it. The granted point is aparīkṣita (अपरीक्षित), not yet examined. From that grant, tadviśeṣa (तद्विशेष), a particular of it, is examined.
The acceptance is a siddhānta (सिद्धान्त) for the length of that examination. It is not claimed as proved. abhyupagama is the act of taking it up. When the particular has been studied, the grant can itself be questioned.
Sanskrit in this line
The ablative abhyupagamāt (अभ्युपगमात्) names the starting point, not a physical cause. aparīkṣita (अपरीक्षित) is a nañ (नञ्) compound on the past participle parīkṣita (परीक्षित).
Say it back
Say why one accepts an unexamined point: so that a viśeṣa (विशेष) of it can be examined.
Next
1.1.32. The members of a proof are thesis, reason, example, application, and conclusion.