1.1.35
Nyāya Sūtra / Adhyāya 1 / 1.1.35
तथा वैधर्म्यात्
tathā vaidharmyāt
The line
Likewise, the reason establishes what is to be proved by unlikeness.
नेपालीमा
त्यस्तै, हेतुले असमानताका आधारमा पनि साध्य सिद्ध गर्छ।
Where it sits
Supply sādhyasādhanam (साध्यसाधनम्) and hetuḥ (हेतुः) from 1.1.34. udāharaṇa (उदाहरण) from 1.1.32 remains the thing whose likeness or unlikeness is used.
Split: tathā (तथा) + vaidharmyāt (वैधर्म्यात्)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| tathā (तथा) | indeclinable | in the same way |
| vaidharmyāt (वैधर्म्यात्) | ablative singular, neuter | by unlikeness |
The phrases
tathā (तथा) reaches back and keeps the predicate. Only the ablative changes. Where the previous line said sādharmyāt (साधर्म्यात्), this line says vaidharmyāt (वैधर्म्यात्).
The subject lacks what the negative example lacks. From that unlikeness the same sādhya (साध्य) is established. The reason has two workings, and both are hetu.
Sanskrit in this line
vaidharmya is the nañ-abstract (नञ्-अब्स्त्रच्त्) beside sādharmya (साधर्म्य). tathā (तथा) is the word that performs the anuvṛtti (अनुवृत्ति). Without it the line would not say what is done vaidharmyāt (वैधर्म्यात्).
Say it back
Say the reason in two ablatives: udāharaṇasādharmyāt (उदाहरणसाधर्म्यात्) and vaidharmyāt (वैधर्म्यात्).