1.1.36

साध्यसाधर्म्यात् तद्धर्मभावी दृष्टान्त उदाहरणम्

sādhyasādharmyāt taddharmabhāvī dṛṣṭānta udāharaṇam

The line

The example is a familiar case which, by likeness to what is to be established, bears that property.

नेपालीमा

उदाहरण त्यो परिचित कुरा हो जुन साध्यसँगको सादृश्यका कारण त्यो धर्म बोक्छ।

Where it sits

udāharaṇa (उदाहरण) from 1.1.32 is the member being defined. dṛṣṭānta (दृष्टान्त) from 1.1.25 is in force as the kind of case that can serve. sādhya (साध्य) from 1.1.33 is the thing it resembles.

Split: sādhya-sādharmyāt (साध्य-साधर्म्यात्) + tad-dharma-bhāvī (तद्-धर्म-भावी) + dṛṣṭāntaḥ (दृष्टान्तः) + udāharaṇam (उदाहरणम्)

Sanskrit, in depth

The words

Word	Grammar	Sense
sādhya-sādharmyāt (साध्य-साधर्म्यात्)	ablative singular, neuter	by likeness to what is to be established
tad-dharma-bhāvī (तद्-धर्म-भावी)	nominative singular, masculine	bearing that property
dṛṣṭāntaḥ (दृष्टान्तः)	nominative singular, masculine	a familiar case
udāharaṇam (उदाहरणम्)	nominative singular, neuter	the example

The phrases

The example is not a story told at random. It is a dṛṣṭānta (दृष्टान्त), a case of the kind 1.1.25 required, and it is taddharmabhāvin (तद्धर्मभाविन्). It actually has the property at issue.

sādhyasādharmyāt (साध्यसाधर्म्यात्) says why that case is brought in. It shares a property with the sādhya (साध्य), the subject under proof. Because of that likeness, the familiar case can show the property one wants to carry over. The positive example is this line. The negative example is the next.

Sanskrit in this line

bhāvī (भावी) is the nominative masculine of the stem bhāvin (भाविन्). It agrees with dṛṣṭāntaḥ (दृष्टान्तः). Before udāharaṇam (उदाहरणम्), dṛṣṭāntaḥ (दृष्टान्तः) loses its visarga and is recited dṛṣṭānta (दृष्टान्त).

Say it back

Gloss the positive udāharaṇa (उदाहरण) as a dṛṣṭānta (दृष्टान्त) that is taddharmabhāvin (तद्धर्मभाविन्) through sādhyasādharmya (साध्यसाधर्म्य).

1.1.37. Or the example is the contrary case, from the reverse of that.