4.1.31
Nyāya Sūtra / Adhyāya 4 / 4.1.31
तल्लक्षणावरोधादप्रतिषेधः
tallakṣaṇāvarodhādapratiṣedhaḥ
The line
A compound: talla (तल्ल), kṣaṇā (क्षणा), varo (वरो), dhāda (धाद), and a denial.
Where it sits
In Nyāya (न्याय) Sūtra (सूत्र), adhyāya (अध्याय) 4. Examines action, fault, rebirth, fruit, pain, and release, and then the whole and the part. The line is short. utpatti-vinā-śakā-raṇo-pala-bdheḥ (उत्पत्ति-विना-शका-रणो-पल-ब्धेः) from 4.1.30 is still in force. A sūtra (सूत्र) leaves a word out when the line before still holds it. That carrying is anuvṛtti (अनुवृत्ति).
Split: talla-kṣaṇā-varo-dhāda-pratiṣedhaḥ (तल्ल-क्षणा-वरो-धाद-प्रतिषेधः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| talla-kṣaṇā-varo-dhāda-pratiṣedhaḥ (तल्ल-क्षणा-वरो-धाद-प्रतिषेधः) | nominative singular, masculine | a compound: talla (तल्ल), kṣaṇā (क्षणा), varo (वरो), dhāda (धाद), and a denial. Read it from the end |
The phrases
talla-kṣaṇā-varo-dhāda-pratiṣedhaḥ (तल्ल-क्षणा-वरो-धाद-प्रतिषेधः) is a compound: talla (तल्ल), kṣaṇā (क्षणा), varo (वरो), dhāda (धाद), and a denial. Read it from the end. It stands as nominative singular, masculine.
Hold the words in that order. The English of the whole line comes after them.
Sanskrit in this line
talla-kṣaṇā-varo-dhāda-pratiṣedhaḥ (तल्ल-क्षणा-वरो-धाद-प्रतिषेधः) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss talla-kṣaṇā-varo-dhāda-pratiṣedhaḥ (तल्ल-क्षणा-वरो-धाद-प्रतिषेधः).