4.1.38
Nyāya Sūtra / Adhyāya 4 / 4.1.38
न, स्वभावसिद्धेर्भावानाम्
na, svabhāvasiddherbhāvānām
The line
Not of a compound: an own-nature, siddhe (सिद्धे), and rbhāva (र्भाव).
Where it sits
In Nyāya (न्याय) Sūtra (सूत्र), adhyāya (अध्याय) 4. Examines action, fault, rebirth, fruit, pain, and release, and then the whole and the part. The line is short. sarvam (सर्वम्) from 4.1.37 is still in force. A sūtra (सूत्र) leaves a word out when the line before still holds it. That carrying is anuvṛtti (अनुवृत्ति).
Split: na (न) + svabhāva-siddhe-rbhāvānām (स्वभाव-सिद्धे-र्भावानाम्)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| na (न) | indeclinable | not |
| svabhāva-siddhe-rbhāvānām (स्वभाव-सिद्धे-र्भावानाम्) | genitive plural | a compound: an own-nature, siddhe (सिद्धे), and rbhāva (र्भाव). Read it from the end |
The phrases
na (न) is not. It stands as indeclinable.
svabhāva-siddhe-rbhāvānām (स्वभाव-सिद्धे-र्भावानाम्) is a compound: an own-nature, siddhe (सिद्धे), and rbhāva (र्भाव). Read it from the end. It stands as genitive plural.
Sanskrit in this line
svabhāva-siddhe-rbhāvānām (स्वभाव-सिद्धे-र्भावानाम्) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss svabhāva-siddhe-rbhāvānām (स्वभाव-सिद्धे-र्भावानाम्).
Next
4.1.39. Not a compound: an own-nature, and established, because of āpekṣikatva (आपेक्षिकत्व).