4.1.58
Nyāya Sūtra / Adhyāya 4 / 4.1.58
दुःखविकल्पे सुखाभिमानाच्च
duḥkhavikalpe sukhābhimānācca
The line
In a compound: pain, and an alternative, a division, sukhābhimānācca (सुखाभिमानाच्च).
Where it sits
In Nyāya (न्याय) Sūtra (सूत्र), adhyāya (अध्याय) 4. Examines action, fault, rebirth, fruit, pain, and release, and then the whole and the part. The line is short. bhādhanānivṛttervedayataḥ (भाधनानिवृत्तेर्वेदयतः) from 4.1.57 is still in force. A sūtra (सूत्र) leaves a word out when the line before still holds it. That carrying is anuvṛtti (अनुवृत्ति).
Split: duḥkha-vikalpe (दुःख-विकल्पे) + sukhābhimānācca (सुखाभिमानाच्च)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| duḥkha-vikalpe (दुःख-विकल्पे) | locative singular, or nominative or accusative dual, neuter | a compound: pain, and an alternative, a division. Read it from the end |
| sukhābhimānācca (सुखाभिमानाच्च) | the form as the line writes it | this word, as the line writes it |
The phrases
duḥkha-vikalpe (दुःख-विकल्पे) is a compound: pain, and an alternative, a division. Read it from the end. It stands as locative singular, or nominative or accusative dual, neuter.
sukhābhimānācca (सुखाभिमानाच्च) is this word, as the line writes it. It stands as the form as the line writes it.
Sanskrit in this line
sukhābhimānācca (सुखाभिमानाच्च) is the form as the line writes it. That ending is the work an English preposition would do.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss duḥkha-vikalpe (दुःख-विकल्पे) and sukhābhimānācca (सुखाभिमानाच्च).