4.1.60
Nyāya Sūtra / Adhyāya 4 / 4.1.60
प्रधानशब्दानुपपत्तेर्गुणशब्देनानुवादो निन्दाप्रशंसोपपत्तेः
pradhānaśabdānupapatterguṇaśabdenānuvādo nindāpraśaṃsopapatteḥ
The line
A compound: the unmanifest of Sāṅkhya (साङ्ख्य), śabdā (शब्दा), nupa (नुप), patte (पत्ते), rguṇa (र्गुण), śabdenānu (शब्देनानु), and honest debate, of nindāpraśaṃsopapatta (निन्दाप्रशंसोपपत्त).
Where it sits
In Nyāya (न्याय) Sūtra (सूत्र), adhyāya (अध्याय) 4. Examines action, fault, rebirth, fruit, pain, and release, and then the whole and the part. The line is short. ṛṇakleśa-pravṛtti-anubndhā-dapa-vargā-bhāvaḥ (ऋणक्लेश-प्रवृत्ति-अनुब्न्धा-दप-वर्गा-भावः) from 4.1.59 is still in force. A sūtra (सूत्र) leaves a word out when the line before still holds it. That carrying is anuvṛtti (अनुवृत्ति).
Split: pradhāna-śabdā-nupa-patte-rguṇa-śabdenānu-vādaḥ (प्रधान-शब्दा-नुप-पत्ते-र्गुण-शब्देनानु-वादः) + nindāpraśaṃsopapatteḥ (निन्दाप्रशंसोपपत्तेः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| pradhāna-śabdā-nupa-patte-rguṇa-śabdenānu-vādaḥ (प्रधान-शब्दा-नुप-पत्ते-र्गुण-शब्देनानु-वादः) | nominative singular, masculine | a compound: the unmanifest of Sāṅkhya (साङ्ख्य), śabdā (शब्दा), nupa (नुप), patte (पत्ते), rguṇa (र्गुण), śabdenānu (शब्देनानु), and honest debate. Read it from the end |
| nindāpraśaṃsopapatteḥ (निन्दाप्रशंसोपपत्तेः) | genitive or ablative singular | nindāpraśaṃsopapatta (निन्दाप्रशंसोपपत्त) |
The phrases
pradhāna-śabdā-nupa-patte-rguṇa-śabdenānu-vādaḥ (प्रधान-शब्दा-नुप-पत्ते-र्गुण-शब्देनानु-वादः) is a compound: the unmanifest of Sāṅkhya (साङ्ख्य), śabdā (शब्दा), nupa (नुप), patte (पत्ते), rguṇa (र्गुण), śabdenānu (शब्देनानु), and honest debate. Read it from the end. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. The line writes it pradhānaśabdānupapatterguṇaśabdenānuvādo (प्रधानशब्दानुपपत्तेर्गुणशब्देनानुवादो).
nindāpraśaṃsopapatteḥ (निन्दाप्रशंसोपपत्तेः) is nindāpraśaṃsopapatta (निन्दाप्रशंसोपपत्त). It stands as genitive or ablative singular.
Sanskrit in this line
pradhāna-śabdā-nupa-patte-rguṇa-śabdenānu-vādaḥ (प्रधान-शब्दा-नुप-पत्ते-र्गुण-शब्देनानु-वादः) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case. The line writes it pradhānaśabdānupapatterguṇaśabdenānuvādo (प्रधानशब्दानुपपत्तेर्गुणशब्देनानुवादो).
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss pradhāna-śabdā-nupa-patte-rguṇa-śabdenānu-vādaḥ (प्रधान-शब्दा-नुप-पत्ते-र्गुण-शब्देनानु-वादः) and nindāpraśaṃsopapatteḥ (निन्दाप्रशंसोपपत्तेः).
Next
4.1.61. A compound: samā (समा), ropa (रोप), ṇādā (णादा), tmanya (त्मन्य), and a denial.