4.2.47
Nyāya Sūtra / Adhyāya 4 / 4.2.47
ज्ञानग्रहणाभ्यासस्तद्विद्यैश्च सह संवादः
jñānagrahaṇābhyāsastadvidyaiśca saha saṃvādaḥ
The line
A compound: knowing, a grasping, practice, stadvi (स्तद्वि), and dyaiśca (द्यैश्च), together with, saṃvāda (संवाद).
Where it sits
In Nyāya (न्याय) Sūtra (सूत्र), adhyāya (अध्याय) 4. Examines action, fault, rebirth, fruit, pain, and release, and then the whole and the part. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: jñāna-grahaṇa-abhyāsa-stadvi-dyaiśca (ज्ञान-ग्रहण-अभ्यास-स्तद्वि-द्यैश्च) + saha (सह) + saṃvādaḥ (संवादः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| jñāna-grahaṇa-abhyāsa-stadvi-dyaiśca (ज्ञान-ग्रहण-अभ्यास-स्तद्वि-द्यैश्च) | a compound, the ending is on the last member | a compound: knowing, a grasping, practice, stadvi (स्तद्वि), and dyaiśca (द्यैश्च). Read it from the end |
| saha (सह) | indeclinable | together with |
| saṃvādaḥ (संवादः) | nominative singular, masculine | saṃvāda (संवाद) |
The phrases
jñāna-grahaṇa-abhyāsa-stadvi-dyaiśca (ज्ञान-ग्रहण-अभ्यास-स्तद्वि-द्यैश्च) is a compound: knowing, a grasping, practice, stadvi (स्तद्वि), and dyaiśca (द्यैश्च). Read it from the end. It stands as a compound, the ending is on the last member. saha (सह) is together with. It stands as indeclinable.
saṃvādaḥ (संवादः) is saṃvāda (संवाद). It stands as nominative singular, masculine.
Sanskrit in this line
jñāna-grahaṇa-abhyāsa-stadvi-dyaiśca (ज्ञान-ग्रहण-अभ्यास-स्तद्वि-द्यैश्च) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss jñāna-grahaṇa-abhyāsa-stadvi-dyaiśca (ज्ञान-ग्रहण-अभ्यास-स्तद्वि-द्यैश्च) and saha (सह).