4.2.48
Nyāya Sūtra / Adhyāya 4 / 4.2.48
तं शिष्यगुरुसब्रह्मचारिविशिष्टश्रेयोऽर्थिभिरनसूयिभिरभ्युपेयात्
taṃ śiṣyagurusabrahmacāriviśiṣṭaśreyo 'rthibhiranasūyibhirabhyupeyāt
The line
Him, that, a compound: śiṣya (शिष्य), a teacher, sabra (सब्र), hmacā (ह्मचा), rivi (रिवि), śiṣṭa (शिष्ट), and śreya (श्रेय), because of arthibhiranasūyibhirabhyupeya (अर्थिभिरनसूयिभिरभ्युपेय).
Where it sits
In Nyāya (न्याय) Sūtra (सूत्र), adhyāya (अध्याय) 4. Examines action, fault, rebirth, fruit, pain, and release, and then the whole and the part. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: taṃ (तं) + śiṣya-guru-sabra-hmacā-rivi-śiṣṭa-śreyo (शिष्य-गुरु-सब्र-ह्मचा-रिवि-शिष्ट-श्रेयो) + arthibhiranasūyibhirabhyupeyāt (अर्थिभिरनसूयिभिरभ्युपेयात्)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| taṃ (तं) | accusative singular, masculine | him, that |
| śiṣya-guru-sabra-hmacā-rivi-śiṣṭa-śreyo (शिष्य-गुरु-सब्र-ह्मचा-रिवि-शिष्ट-श्रेयो) | nominative singular, masculine | a compound: śiṣya (शिष्य), a teacher, sabra (सब्र), hmacā (ह्मचा), rivi (रिवि), śiṣṭa (शिष्ट), and śreya (श्रेय). Read it from the end |
| arthibhiranasūyibhirabhyupeyāt (अर्थिभिरनसूयिभिरभ्युपेयात्) | ablative singular | arthibhiranasūyibhirabhyupeya (अर्थिभिरनसूयिभिरभ्युपेय) |
The phrases
taṃ (तं) is him, that. It stands as accusative singular, masculine. śiṣya-guru-sabra-hmacā-rivi-śiṣṭa-śreyo (शिष्य-गुरु-सब्र-ह्मचा-रिवि-शिष्ट-श्रेयो) is a compound: śiṣya (शिष्य), a teacher, sabra (सब्र), hmacā (ह्मचा), rivi (रिवि), śiṣṭa (शिष्ट), and śreya (श्रेय). Read it from the end. It stands as nominative singular, masculine.
arthibhiranasūyibhirabhyupeyāt (अर्थिभिरनसूयिभिरभ्युपेयात्) is arthibhiranasūyibhirabhyupeya (अर्थिभिरनसूयिभिरभ्युपेय). It stands as ablative singular. The apostrophe marks an a that was dropped.
Sanskrit in this line
śiṣya-guru-sabra-hmacā-rivi-śiṣṭa-śreyo (शिष्य-गुरु-सब्र-ह्मचा-रिवि-शिष्ट-श्रेयो) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case. The apostrophe marks an a that was dropped.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss taṃ (तं) and śiṣya-guru-sabra-hmacā-rivi-śiṣṭa-śreyo (शिष्य-गुरु-सब्र-ह्मचा-रिवि-शिष्ट-श्रेयो).