Tarka-Saṃgraha / 1. For beginners
1
निधाय हृदि विश्वेशं विधाय गुरुवन्दनम् ।
बालानां सुखबोधाय क्रियते तर्कसंग्रहः nidhāya hṛdi viśveśaṃ vidhāya guruvandanam |
bālānāṃ sukhabodhāya kriyate tarkasaṃgrahaḥ
The line
Having placed the lord of all in the heart, and having made reverence to the teacher, the Tarka-Saṃgraha (तर्क-संग्रह) is composed for the easy understanding of beginners.
नेपालीमा
सबैका स्वामीलाई हृदयमा राखेर र गुरुलाई प्रणाम गरेर प्रारम्भिकहरूको सजिलो बुझाइका लागि तर्क संग्रह रचिएको छ।
Where it sits
The next paragraph starts the teaching. The same purpose returns in the author's own words at 82. The word tarka (तर्क) in the title is the name of this discipline. Paragraph 64 will use tarka (तर्क) for one technical operation, a supposition inside an argument. That later use is narrower than the title.
Split: nidhāya (निधाय) + hṛdi (हृदि) + viśveśam (विश्वेशम्) + vidhāya (विधाय) + guru-vandanam (गुरु-वन्दनम्) + bālānām (बालानाम्) + sukha-bodhāya (सुख-बोधाय) + kriyate (क्रियते) + tarka-saṃgrahaḥ (तर्क-संग्रहः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| nidhāya (निधाय) | gerund | Having placed. From ni-dhā (नि-धा). |
| hṛdi (हृदि) | locative singular, neuter | In the heart. |
| viśveśam (विश्वेशम्) | accusative singular, masculine | The lord of all. viśva (विश्व) plus īśa (ईश). |
| vidhāya (विधाय) | gerund | Having made. From vi-dhā (वि-धा). |
| guru-vandanam (गुरु-वन्दनम्) | accusative singular, neuter | Reverence to the teacher. |
| bālānām (बालानाम्) | genitive plural, masculine | Of beginners, of the young in the subject. |
| sukha-bodhāya (सुख-बोधाय) | dative singular, masculine | For an easy understanding. |
| kriyate (क्रियते) | present passive, third person singular | Is made. |
| tarka-saṃgrahaḥ (तर्क-संग्रहः) | nominative singular, masculine | This compendium of reasoning. The title, and the subject of kriyate (क्रियते). |
The phrases
The first half is the two gerunds: the lord placed in the heart, and the reverence to the teacher already made.
The second half names who the book is for, and what the book is.
Sanskrit in this line
Viśva (विश्व) plus īśa (ईश) is viśveśa (विश्वेश). Short a (अ) plus long ī (ई) is e (ए).
The verse is an anuṣṭubh (अनुष्टुभ्): two lines of sixteen syllables, a pause after the eighth of each.
Say it back
Say who the book is for, and the two things the author says he has already done.