Tarka-Saṃgraha / 19. Color
19
चक्षुर्मात्रग्राह्यो गुणो रूपम् । तच् च शुक्लनीलपीतरक्तहरितकपिशचित्रभेदात् सप्तविधं पृथिवीजलतेजोवृत्ति । तत्र पृथिव्यां सप्तविधम् । अभास्वरशुक्लं जले । भास्वरशुक्लं तेजसि cakṣurmātragrāhyo guṇo rūpam | tac ca śuklanīlapītaraktaharitakapiśacitrabhedāt saptavidhaṃ pṛthivījalatejovṛtti | tatra pṛthivyāṃ saptavidham | abhāsvaraśuklaṃ jale | bhāsvaraśuklaṃ tejasi
The line
Color is the quality grasped by the eye alone. It is of seven kinds, white, blue, yellow, red, green, tawny, and variegated, and it occurs in earth, water, and fire. In earth it is sevenfold. In water it is a white that does not shine. In fire it is a white that shines.
नेपालीमा
रूप आँखाले मात्र लिइने गुण हो, सेतो, नीलो, पहेँलो, रातो, हरियो, कपिल र चित्रविचित्र गरी सात प्रकारको छ, र पृथ्वी, जल र तेजमा हुन्छ। पृथ्वीमा त्यो सात प्रकारको छ, जलमा नचम्कने सेतो हुन्छ र तेजमा चम्कने सेतो हुन्छ।
Where it sits
The eye that grasps it was placed at the pupil in 12. Taste is 20.
Split: cakṣus-mātra-grāhyaḥ (चक्षुस्-मात्र-ग्राह्यः) + guṇaḥ (गुणः) + rūpam (रूपम्) + tat (तत्) + ca (च) + śukla-nīla-pīta-rakta-harita-kapiśa-citra-bhedāt (शुक्ल-नील-पीत-रक्त-हरित-कपिश-चित्र-भेदात्) + saptavidham (सप्तविधम्) + pṛthivī-jala-tejas-vṛtti (पृथिवी-जल-तेजस्-वृत्ति) + tatra (तत्र) + pṛthivyām (पृथिव्याम्) + saptavidham (सप्तविधम्) + abhāsvara-śuklam (अभास्वर-शुक्लम्) + jale (जले) + bhāsvara-śuklam (भास्वर-शुक्लम्) + tejasi (तेजसि)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| cakṣur-mātra-grāhyaḥ (चक्षुर्-मात्र-ग्राह्यः) | nominative singular, masculine | Graspable by the eye alone. Heard grāhyo (ग्राह्यो) before guṇaḥ (गुणः). |
| guṇaḥ (गुणः) | nominative singular, masculine | A quality. From the list at 4. |
| rūpam (रूपम्) | nominative singular, neuter | Color. |
| saptavidham (सप्तविधम्) | nominative singular, neuter | Of seven kinds. |
| śukla (शुक्ल) | stem | White. |
| nīla (नील) | stem | Blue. |
| pīta (पीत) | stem | Yellow. |
| rakta (रक्त) | stem | Red. |
| harita (हरित) | stem | Green. |
| kapiśa (कपिश) | stem | Tawny, grey-brown. |
| citra (चित्र) | stem | Variegated. |
| pṛthivī-jala-tejo-vṛtti (पृथिवी-जल-तेजो-वृत्ति) | nominative | Occurring in earth, water, and fire. |
| pṛthivyām saptavidham (पृथिव्याम् सप्तविधम्) | locative, nominative | In earth, all seven. |
| abhāsvara-śuklam jale (अभास्वर-शुक्लम् जले) | in water, non-shining white | Water's color is white that does not shine. |
| bhāsvara-śuklam tejasi (भास्वर-शुक्लम् तेजसि) | in fire, shining white | Fire's color is white that shines. |
The phrases
Air, ether, time, direction, self, and mind have no color. The paragraph names the three substances that do.
Earth takes all seven. Water and fire take white, and they are told apart by whether that white shines.
Sanskrit in this line
Cakṣus (चक्षु) plus mātra (मात्र) is cakṣurmātra (चक्षुर्मात्र). A final s (स्) before m (म्) is heard as r (र्).
Grāhyaḥ (ग्राह्यः) before guṇaḥ (गुणः) is grāhyo (ग्राह्यो).
Say it back
Say which sense gets color, and which of the three substances gets all seven.