Tarka-Saṃgraha / 76. Action
76
चलनात्मकं कर्म । ऊर्ध्वदेशसंयोगहेतुरुत्क्षेपणम् । अधोदेशसंयोगहेतुरपक्षेपणम् । शरीरसंनिकृष्टसंयोगहेतुराकुञ्चनम् । विप्रकृष्टसंयोगहेतुः प्रसारणम् । अन्यत् सर्वं गमनम् । पृथिव्यादिचतुष्टयमनोमात्रवृत्ति calanātmakaṃ karma | ūrdhvadeśasaṃyogahetur utkṣepaṇam | adhodeśasaṃyogahetur apakṣepaṇam | śarīrasaṃnikṛṣṭasaṃyogahetur ākuñcanam | viprakṛṣṭasaṃyogahetuḥ prasāraṇam | anyat sarvaṃ gamanam | pṛthivyādicatuṣṭayamanomātravṛtti
The line
Action has moving as its nature. Throwing upward joins a region above. Throwing downward joins a region below. Contraction joins what is close to the body. Extension joins what is far. Every other motion is going. Action occurs only in the four elements and the mind.
नेपालीमा
कर्मको स्वभाव चलन हो। माथि फ्याँक्नुले माथिको ठाउँ जोड्छ, तल फ्याँक्नुले तलको ठाउँ जोड्छ, खुम्चिनुले शरीरको नजिक जोड्छ, फैलिनुले टाढा जोड्छ, अरू हरेक गति जानु हो, र कर्म चार भूत र मनमा मात्र हुन्छ।
Where it sits
The common, which was only named at 6, is defined at 77.
Split: calana-ātmakam (चलन-आत्मकम्) + karma (कर्म) + ūrdhva-deśa-saṃyoga-hetuḥ (ऊर्ध्व-देश-संयोग-हेतुः) + utkṣepaṇam (उत्क्षेपणम्) + adhaḥ-deśa-saṃyoga-hetuḥ (अधः-देश-संयोग-हेतुः) + apakṣepaṇam (अपक्षेपणम्) + śarīra-saṃnikṛṣṭa-saṃyoga-hetuḥ (शरीर-संनिकृष्ट-संयोग-हेतुः) + ākuñcanam (आकुञ्चनम्) + viprakṛṣṭa-saṃyoga-hetuḥ (विप्रकृष्ट-संयोग-हेतुः) + prasāraṇam (प्रसारणम्) + anyat (अन्यत्) + sarvam (सर्वम्) + gamanam (गमनम्) + pṛthivī-ādi-catuṣṭaya-manas-mātra-vṛtti (पृथिवी-आदि-चतुष्टय-मनस्-मात्र-वृत्ति)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| calana-ātmakam (चलन-आत्मकम्) | nominative singular, neuter | Whose nature is moving. |
| karma (कर्म) | nominative singular, neuter | Action. |
| utkṣepaṇam (उत्क्षेपणम्) | nominative singular, neuter | Throwing upward. The cause of conjunction with a region above. |
| apakṣepaṇam (अपक्षेपणम्) | nominative singular, neuter | Throwing downward. The cause of conjunction with a region below. The list at 5 spelled this avakṣepaṇa (अवक्षेपण). This definition spells it apakṣepaṇa (अपक्षेपण). Both name the downward throw. |
| ākuñcanam (आकुञ्चनम्) | nominative singular, neuter | Contraction. The cause of conjunction with what is drawn close to the body. |
| prasāraṇam (प्रसारणम्) | nominative singular, neuter | Extension. The cause of conjunction with what is at a distance. |
| gamanam (गमनम्) | nominative singular, neuter | Going. Every other motion. |
| pṛthivī-ādi-catuṣṭaya-mano-mātra-vṛtti (पृथिवी-आदि-चतुष्टय-मनो-मात्र-वृत्ति) | nominative | Occurring only in the four elements and the mind. Ether, time, direction, and the self do not move. |
The phrases
Action is motion. Four motions are named by the region they join, and the fifth gathers the rest.
Sanskrit in this line
Calana (चलन) plus ātmaka (आत्मक) is calanātmaka (चलनात्मक).
Ūrdhva (ऊर्ध्व) plus deśa (देश) plus saṃyoga (संयोग) is the conjunction with an upper region.
Say it back
Name the five, and say which substances move.