Tarka-Saṃgraha / 10. Earth
10
गन्धवती पृथिवी । सा द्विविधा नित्यानित्या च । नित्या परमाणुरूपा । अनित्या कार्यरूपा । पुनस् त्रिविधा शरीरेन्द्रियविषयभेदात् । शरीरमस्मदादीनाम् । इन्द्रियं गन्धग्राहकं घ्राणं नासाग्रवर्ति । विषयो मृत्पाषाणादिः gandhavatī pṛthivī | sā dvividhā nityānityā ca | nityā paramāṇurūpā | anityā kāryarūpā | punas trividhā śarīrendriyaviṣayabhedāt | śarīram asmadādīnām | indriyaṃ gandhagrāhakaṃ ghrāṇaṃ nāsāgravarti | viṣayo mṛtpāṣāṇādiḥ
The line
Earth is what possesses smell. It is eternal and non-eternal. The eternal is the atom. The non-eternal is a product. Again it is threefold, as body, sense, and object. The body is ours. The sense is the nose, at the tip of the nose, and it grasps smell. The object is earth, stone, and the rest.
नेपालीमा
पृथ्वी गन्ध भएको हो, नित्य र अनित्य छ, नित्य परमाणु हो र अनित्य कार्य हो। फेरि त्यो शरीर, इन्द्रिय र विषय गरी तीन प्रकारको छ, शरीर हाम्रो हो, इन्द्रिय नाकको टुप्पोमा रहेको गन्ध लिने नाक हो, र विषय माटो, ढुङ्गा र अरू हुन्।
Where it sits
Water, fire, and air will take this same shape: a mark, eternal and produced, then body, sense, and object. 11 is water. Smell is defined as a quality at 21, and there it is said to occur in earth alone. The two paragraphs are one claim read from both sides.
Split: gandha-vatī (गन्ध-वती) + pṛthivī (पृथिवी) + sā (सा) + dvividhā (द्विविधा) + nityā (नित्या) + anityā (अनित्या) + ca (च) + nityā (नित्या) + paramāṇu-rūpā (परमाणु-रूपा) + anityā (अनित्या) + kārya-rūpā (कार्य-रूपा) + punar (पुनर्) + trividhā (त्रिविधा) + śarīra-indriya-viṣaya-bhedāt (शरीर-इन्द्रिय-विषय-भेदात्) + śarīram (शरीरम्) + asmad-ādīnām (अस्मद्-आदीनाम्) + indriyam (इन्द्रियम्) + gandha-grāhakam (गन्ध-ग्राहकम्) + ghrāṇam (घ्राणम्) + nāsā-agra-varti (नासा-अग्र-वर्ति) + viṣayaḥ (विषयः) + mṛt-pāṣāṇa-ādiḥ (मृत्-पाषाण-आदिः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| gandhavatī (गन्धवती) | nominative singular, feminine | Possessing smell. The mark. |
| pṛthivī (पृथिवी) | nominative singular, feminine | Earth. The thing marked. |
| sā (सा) | nominative singular, feminine | She, earth. Anuvṛtti (अनुवृत्ति) of pṛthivī (पृथिवी). |
| dvividhā (द्विविधा) | nominative singular, feminine | Of two kinds. |
| nityā (नित्या) | nominative singular, feminine | Eternal. |
| anityā (अनित्या) | nominative singular, feminine | Non-eternal. |
| paramāṇu-rūpā (परमाणु-रूपा) | nominative singular, feminine | In the form of atoms. |
| kārya-rūpā (कार्य-रूपा) | nominative singular, feminine | In the form of a product. |
| punar (पुनर्) | indeclinable | Again. A second cut of the same earth. Heard punas (पुन) before t (त्). |
| trividhā (त्रिविधा) | nominative singular, feminine | Of three kinds. |
| śarīra-indriya-viṣaya-bhedāt (शरीर-इन्द्रिय-विषय-भेदात्) | ablative singular | By the division into body, sense, and object. |
| śarīram asmad-ādīnām (शरीरमस्मद्-आदीनाम्) | nominative, genitive | The body is ours and the like. The human body, and bodies of that kind. |
| indriyam (इन्द्रियम्) | nominative singular, neuter | The sense. |
| gandha-grāhakam (गन्ध-ग्राहकम्) | nominative singular, neuter | Which grasps smell. |
| ghrāṇam (घ्राणम्) | nominative singular, neuter | The nose, the organ of smell. |
| nāsā-agra-varti (नासा-अग्र-वर्ति) | nominative singular, neuter | Located at the tip of the nose. |
| viṣayaḥ (विषयः) | nominative singular, masculine | The object. |
| mṛt-pāṣāṇa-ādiḥ (मृत्-पाषाण-आदिः) | nominative singular, masculine | Earth, stone, and the rest. |
The phrases
The definition is one word: earth is what has smell.
The eternal earth is the atom. The produced earth is everything made of those atoms.
Body, the smelling organ, and stone are three places that produced earth shows up.
Sanskrit in this line
Nityā (नित्या) plus anityā (अनित्या) is nityānityā (नित्यानित्या). Short ā (आ) plus short a (अ) is ā (आ).
Punar (पुनर्) before trividhā (त्रिविधा) is punas (पुन). A final r (र्) before a voiceless stop is heard as s (स्).
Nāsā (नासा) plus agra (अग्र) is nāsāgra (नासाग्र).
Say it back
Give the mark of earth, then the organ, then one object.