Tarka-Saṃgraha / 56. The unestablished reason
56
असिद्धस् त्रिविधः आश्रयासिद्धः स्वरूपासिद्धो व्याप्यत्वासिद्धश् चेति । आश्रयासिद्धो यथा गगनारविन्दं सुरभि अरविन्दत्वात् सरोजारविन्दवत् । अत्र गगनारविन्दमाश्रयः स च नास्त्येव । स्वरूपासिद्धो यथा शब्दो गुणश् चाक्षुषत्वात् । अत्र चाक्षुषत्वं शब्दे नास्ति शब्दस्य श्रावणत्वात् । सोपाधिको व्याप्यत्वासिद्धः । साध्यव्यापकत्वे सति साधनाव्यापक उपाधिः । पर्वतो धूमवान् वह्निमत्त्वादित्यत्रार्द्रेन्धनसंयोग उपाधिः । सोपाधिकत्वाद् वह्निमत्त्वं व्याप्यत्वासिद्धम् asiddhas trividhaḥ āśrayāsiddhaḥ svarūpāsiddho vyāpyatvāsiddhaś ceti | āśrayāsiddho yathā gaganāravindaṃ surabhi aravindatvāt sarojāravindavat | atra gaganāravindam āśrayaḥ sa ca nāsty eva | svarūpāsiddho yathā śabdo guṇaś cākṣuṣatvāt | atra cākṣuṣatvaṃ śabde nāsti śabdasya śrāvaṇatvāt | sopādhiko vyāpyatvāsiddhaḥ | sādhyavyāpakatve sati sādhanāvyāpaka upādhiḥ | parvato dhūmavān vahnimattvād ity atrārdrendhanasaṃyoga upādhiḥ | sopādhikatvād vahnimattvaṃ vyāpyatvāsiddham
The line
The unestablished is of three kinds: unestablished in its locus, unestablished in its own form, and unestablished as pervaded. The sky-lotus is not there to be fragrant. Visibility is not in sound. And fieriness does not pervade into smoke, because contact with wet fuel pervades smoke and does not pervade fire. Attended by that condition, fieriness is unestablished as the pervaded.
नेपालीमा
असिद्ध तीन प्रकारको हुन्छ, आश्रयमा असिद्ध, आफ्नै रूपमा असिद्ध र व्याप्यका रूपमा असिद्ध। आकाशकमल सुगन्धित हुनका लागि त्यहाँ नै छैन, शब्दमा दृश्यता छैन, र आगोपन धुवाँमा व्याप्त हुँदैन किनकि भिजेको इन्धनको सम्पर्क धुवाँलाई व्याप्त गर्छ र आगोलाई व्याप्त गर्दैन, त्यो अवस्थासहित आगोपन व्याप्यका रूपमा असिद्ध हुन्छ।
Where it sits
The blocked reason is 57.
Split: asiddhaḥ (असिद्धः) + trividhaḥ (त्रिविधः) + āśraya-asiddhaḥ (आश्रय-असिद्धः) + svarūpa-asiddhaḥ (स्वरूप-असिद्धः) + vyāpyatva-asiddhaḥ (व्याप्यत्व-असिद्धः) + ca (च) + iti (इति)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| āśraya-asiddhaḥ (आश्रय-असिद्धः) | nominative singular, masculine | Unestablished in its locus. The sky-lotus is fragrant, because it is a lotus, like a lake-lotus. The sky-lotus, which was to be the subject, is not there. |
| svarūpa-asiddhaḥ (स्वरूप-असिद्धः) | nominative singular, masculine | Unestablished in its own form. Sound is a quality, because it is visible. Visibility is not in sound. Sound is audible. |
| vyāpyatva-asiddhaḥ (व्याप्यत्व-असिद्धः) | nominative singular, masculine | Unestablished as the pervaded. The reason is attended by an upādhi (उपाधि), a condition that spoils the pervasion. |
| upādhiḥ (उपाधिः) | nominative singular, masculine | A condition. Pervading the thing to be proved, and failing to pervade the reason. |
| ārdrendhana-saṃyogaḥ (आर्द्रेन्धन-संयोगः) | contact with wet fuel | The condition in 'the mountain is smoky because it is fiery.' Fire without wet fuel need not smoke. The file had broken sādhanavanniṣṭha (साधनवन्निष्ठ) and written sādhāraṇāvyapakatvam (साधारणाव्यपकत्वम्). The sitting reads the condition as sādhanāvyāpaka (साधनाव्यापक), failing to pervade the means. |
The phrases
Three failures of establishment: no subject, no reason in the subject, and a pervasion that a further condition cuts.
Sanskrit in this line
Gagana (गगन) plus aravinda (अरविन्द) is gaganāravinda (गगनारविन्द), the lotus of the sky.
Sa (स) plus upādhi (उपाधि) is sopādhi (सोपाधि), with a condition.
Say it back
Say the three, and give the sky-lotus as the first.