Tarka-Saṃgraha / 57. The blocked reason
57
यस्य साध्याभावः प्रमाणान्तरेण निश्चितः स बाधितः । यथा वह्निरनुष्णो द्रव्यत्वात् । अत्रानुष्णत्वं साध्यं तदभाव उष्णत्वं स्पर्शनप्रत्यक्षेण गृह्यते इति बाधितत्वम् yasya sādhyābhāvaḥ pramāṇāntareṇa niścitaḥ sa bādhitaḥ | yathā vahnir anuṣṇo dravyatvāt | atrānuṣṇatvaṃ sādhyaṃ tadabhāva uṣṇatvaṃ sparśanapratyakṣeṇa gṛhyate iti bādhitatvam
The line
That reason is blocked whose thing-to-be-proved has its absence already settled by another means. As: fire is not hot, because it is a substance. Non-heat is the thing to be proved, and heat, its absence, is grasped by the perception of touch.
नेपालीमा
बाधित हेतु त्यो हो जसको साध्यको अभाव अर्को प्रमाणले पहिले नै सिद्ध छ। जस्तै आगो तातो होइन किनकि त्यो द्रव्य हो, तातो नहुनु साध्य हो, र तातो, जुन त्यसको अभाव हो, स्पर्शको प्रत्यक्षले लिइन्छ।
Where it sits
Comparison, the third instrument, is 58.
Split: yasya (यस्य) + sādhya-abhāvaḥ (साध्य-अभावः) + pramāṇa-antareṇa (प्रमाण-अन्तरेण) + niścitaḥ (निश्चितः) + saḥ (सः) + bādhitaḥ (बाधितः) + yathā (यथा) + vahniḥ (वह्निः) + anuṣṇaḥ (अनुष्णः) + dravyatvāt (द्रव्यत्वात्) + atra (अत्र) + anuṣṇatvam (अनुष्णत्वम्) + sādhyam (साध्यम्) + tat-abhāvaḥ (तत्-अभावः) + uṣṇatvam (उष्णत्वम्) + sparśana-pratyakṣeṇa (स्पर्शन-प्रत्यक्षेण) + gṛhyate (गृह्यते)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| pramāṇa-antareṇa (प्रमाण-अन्तरेण) | instrumental singular | By another means of knowing. |
| niścitaḥ (निश्चितः) | nominative singular, masculine | Settled. The absence of the thing to be proved is already known. |
| bādhitaḥ (बाधितः) | nominative singular, masculine | Blocked. |
| vahniḥ anuṣṇaḥ dravyatvāt (वह्निः अनुष्णः द्रव्यत्वात्) | fire is not hot, because it is a substance | The thing to be proved is non-heat. |
| uṣṇatvam (उष्णत्वम्) | nominative singular, neuter | Heat. The absence of non-heat. |
| sparśana-pratyakṣeṇa (स्पर्शन-प्रत्यक्षेण) | instrumental | By the perception of touch. The file had spārśana (स्पार्शन). The sitting reads sparśana (स्पर्शन), from sparśa (स्पर्श), touch. |
| gṛhyate (गृह्यते) | present passive | Is grasped. |
The phrases
Touch already settles that fire is hot. A reason offered for the opposite is blocked before it starts.
Sanskrit in this line
Pramāṇa (प्रमाण) plus antareṇa (अन्तरेण) is pramāṇāntareṇa (प्रमाणान्तरेण).
Atra (अत्र) plus anuṣṇatvam (अनुष्णत्वम्) is atrānuṣṇatvam (अत्रानुष्णत्वम्).
Say it back
Say which means of knowing blocks the claim that fire is not hot.