Tarka-Saṃgraha / 61. When a sentence fails
61
आकाङ्क्षादिरहितं वाक्यमप्रमाणम् । यथा गौरश्वः पुरुषो हस्ती इति न प्रमाणमाकाङ्क्षाविरहात् । अग्निना सिञ्चेतिति न प्रमाणं योग्यताविरहात् । प्रहरे प्रहरेऽसहोच्चारितानि गामानय इत्यादिपदानि न प्रमाणं सन्निध्यभावात् ākāṅkṣādirahitaṃ vākyam apramāṇam | yathā gaur aśvaḥ puruṣo hastī iti na pramāṇam ākāṅkṣāvirahāt | agninā siñcet iti na pramāṇaṃ yogyatāvirahāt | prahare prahare 'sahoccāritāni gām ānaya ityādipadāni na pramāṇaṃ sannidhyabhāvāt
The line
A sentence lacking expectancy and the rest is not a means of knowing. 'Cow, horse, man, elephant' fails for want of expectancy. 'He should sprinkle with fire' fails for want of fitness. The words 'bring the cow,' uttered an hour apart, fail for want of proximity.
नेपालीमा
आकाङ्क्षा र बाँकी नभएको वाक्य जान्ने साधन होइन। गाई, घोडा, मानिस, हात्ती आकाङ्क्षाको अभावले असफल हुन्छ, आगोले छर्किनुपर्छ योग्यताको अभावले असफल हुन्छ, र एक घण्टाको अन्तरमा बोलिएका गाई ल्याऊ भन्ने शब्दहरू आसत्तिको अभावले असफल हुन्छन्।
Where it sits
Vedic and worldly sentences are 62.
Split: ākāṅkṣā-ādi-rahitam (आकाङ्क्षा-आदि-रहितम्) + vākyam (वाक्यम्) + apramāṇam (अप्रमाणम्) + yathā (यथा) + gauḥ (गौः) + aśvaḥ (अश्वः) + puruṣaḥ (पुरुषः) + hastī (हस्ती) + iti (इति) + ākāṅkṣā-virahāt (आकाङ्क्षा-विरहात्) + agninā (अग्निना) + siñcet (सिञ्चेत्) + iti (इति) + yogyatā-virahāt (योग्यता-विरहात्) + prahare prahare (प्रहरे प्रहरे) + asaha-uccāritāni (असह-उच्चारितानि) + gām ānaya (गामानय) + iti (इति) + sannidhi-abhāvāt (सन्निधि-अभावात्)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| ākāṅkṣā-ādi-rahitam (आकाङ्क्षा-आदि-रहितम्) | nominative singular, neuter | Lacking expectancy and the rest. |
| apramāṇam (अप्रमाणम्) | nominative singular, neuter | Not a means of knowing. |
| gauḥ aśvaḥ puruṣaḥ hastī (गौः अश्वः पुरुषः हस्ती) | cow, horse, man, elephant | Four names and no expectancy. None looks to another for a construal. |
| agninā siñcet (अग्निना सिञ्चेत्) | he should sprinkle with fire | Optative of sic (सिच्). The words expect each other, and the sense is blocked. Fire is not something one sprinkles with. |
| prahare prahare (प्रहरे प्रहरे) | in one watch and another | The words of 'bring the cow' uttered an hour apart. The file had prehare (प्रेहरे). The sitting reads prahare (प्रहरे). |
| sannidhi-abhāvāt (सन्निधि-अभावात्) | ablative | Because of the absence of proximity. |
The phrases
One failure for each condition.
Sanskrit in this line
Ākāṅkṣā (आकाङ्क्षा) plus ādi (आदि) is ākāṅkṣādi (आकाङ्क्षादि).
Na (न) plus pramāṇam (प्रमाणम्) is na pramāṇam (न प्रमाणम्). The a (अ) of apramāṇam (अप्रमाणम्) in the first clause is the privative.
Say it back
Give one failing sentence for each condition.