Tarka-Saṃgraha / 60. Three conditions of a sentence
60
आकाङ्क्षा योग्यता संनिधिश् च वाक्यार्थज्ञानहेतुः । पदस्य पदान्तरव्यतिरेकप्रयुक्तान्वयाननुभावकत्वमाकाङ्क्षा । अर्थाबाधो योग्यता । पदानामविलम्बेनोच्चारणं सन्निधिः ākāṅkṣā yogyatā saṃnidhiś ca vākyārthajñānahetuḥ | padasya padāntaravyatirekaprayuktānvayānanubhāvakatvam ākāṅkṣā | arthābādho yogyatā | padānām avilambenoccāraṇaṃ sannidhiḥ
The line
Expectancy, fitness, and proximity are the cause of knowing a sentence-sense. Expectancy is a word's dependence on another word for the construal. Fitness is the sense not being blocked. Proximity is the uttering of the words without a gap.
नेपालीमा
आकाङ्क्षा, योग्यता र आसत्ति वाक्यार्थको ज्ञानका कारण हुन्। आकाङ्क्षा अन्वयका लागि एउटा शब्दको अर्को शब्दमा निर्भरता हो, योग्यता अर्थ नरोकिने हो, र आसत्ति शब्दहरू बिना अन्तर उच्चारण हुनु हो।
Where it sits
61 gives a sentence that fails each condition.
Split: ākāṅkṣā (आकाङ्क्षा) + yogyatā (योग्यता) + sannidhiḥ (सन्निधिः) + ca (च) + vākya-artha-jñāna-hetuḥ (वाक्य-अर्थ-ज्ञान-हेतुः) + padasya (पदस्य) + pada-antara-vyatireka-prayukta-anvaya-ananubhāvakatvam (पद-अन्तर-व्यतिरेक-प्रयुक्त-अन्वय-अननुभावकत्वम्) + ākāṅkṣā (आकाङ्क्षा) + artha-abādhaḥ (अर्थ-अबाधः) + yogyatā (योग्यता) + padānām (पदानाम्) + avilambena (अविलम्बेन) + uccāraṇam (उच्चारणम्) + sannidhiḥ (सन्निधिः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| ākāṅkṣā (आकाङ्क्षा) | nominative singular, feminine | Expectancy. A word's not bringing about the construal on its own, so that it looks to another word. The long compound is that definition. |
| yogyatā (योग्यता) | nominative singular, feminine | Fitness. The sense is not blocked. The words can go together. |
| sannidhiḥ (सन्निधिः) | nominative singular, masculine | Proximity. The uttering of the words without a gap. The file's saṃnidhi (संनिधि) is this same word. |
| vākyārtha-jñāna-hetuḥ (वाक्यार्थ-ज्ञान-हेतुः) | nominative singular, masculine | The cause of knowing the sentence-sense. Heard hetuḥ (हेतुः) after ca (च), the three together. |
The phrases
A sentence yields its sense when the words expect each other, fit each other, and are uttered together.
Sanskrit in this line
Vākya (वाक्य) plus artha (अर्थ) is vākyārtha (वाक्यार्थ).
Artha (अर्थ) plus abādha (अबाध) is arthābādha (अर्थाबाध), the non-blocking of the sense.
Say it back
Name the three conditions.