Aṣṭāvakra Gītā / Aṣṭāvakra (अध्याय ३) / 3.9
3.9
the Aṣṭāvakra Gītā (अष्टावक्र गीता)
धीरस् तु भोज्यमानोऽपि पीड्यमानोऽपि सर्वदा ।
आत्मानं केवलं पश्यन् न तुष्यति न कुप्यति dhīras tu bhojyamāno 'pi pīḍyamāno 'pi sarvadā |
ātmānaṃ kevalaṃ paśyan na tuṣyati na kupyati
The line
But the steady one, even while being feasted on and even while being pressed, always seeing the self alone, is not pleased and is not angry.
नेपालीमा
तर धीर व्यक्ति भोगिँदै गर्दा पनि, पीडित हुँदै गर्दा पनि, सधैँ आत्मालाई मात्र हेर्छ। ऊ खुशी हुँदैन, रिसाउँदैन।
Where it sits
Astavakra is still speaking. The wonder series pauses, and the steady one is described directly.
Split: dhīraḥ (धीरः) + tu (तु) + bhojyamānaḥ (भोज्यमानः) + api (अपि) + pīḍyamānaḥ (पीड्यमानः) + api (अपि) + sarvadā (सर्वदा) + ātmānam (आत्मानम्) + kevalam (केवलम्) + paśyan (पश्यन्) + na (न) + tuṣyati (तुष्यति) + na (न) + kupyati (कुप्यति)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| dhīraḥ (धीरः) | nominative singular, masculine | the steady one. Recited dhīras (धीर) before t (त्). |
| tu (तु) | indeclinable | but. |
| bhojyamānaḥ (भोज्यमानः) | present passive participle, nominative singular, masculine | being feasted on. Recited bhojyamāno (भोज्यमानो) before the avagraha. |
| api (अपि) | indeclinable | even. |
| pīḍyamānaḥ (पीड्यमानः) | present passive participle, nominative singular, masculine | being pressed. Recited pīḍyamāno (पीड्यमानो) before the avagraha. |
| api (अपि) | indeclinable | even. |
| sarvadā (सर्वदा) | indeclinable | always. |
| ātmānam (आत्मानम्) | accusative singular, masculine | the self. |
| kevalam (केवलम्) | accusative singular, masculine | alone. Agrees with ātmānam (आत्मानम्). |
| paśyan (पश्यन्) | present participle, nominative singular, masculine | seeing. |
| na (न) | indeclinable | not. |
| tuṣyati (तुष्यति) | present third person singular | is pleased. From tuṣ (तुष्). |
| na (न) | indeclinable | not. |
| kupyati (कुप्यति) | present third person singular | is angry. From kup (कुप्). |
The phrases
dhīraḥ (धीरः) is the subject of both finite verbs. The two api participles are concessive. paśyan (पश्यन्) agrees with dhīraḥ (धीरः) and takes ātmānam (आत्मानम्) kevalam. Each na negates its own verb.
Sanskrit in this line
dhīraḥ (धीरः) before tu is dhīras (धीर). Each participle in aḥ (अः) before api is o with the avagraha.
Say it back
What does the steady one see?