Aṣṭāvakra Gītā / Aṣṭāvakra (अध्याय १५) / 15.16
15.16
the Aṣṭāvakra Gītā (अष्टावक्र गीता)
तवैवाज्ञानतो विश्वं त्वमेकः परमार्थतः ।
त्वत्तोऽन्यो नास्ति संसारी नासंसारी च कश्चन tavaivājñānato viśvaṃ tvam ekaḥ paramārthataḥ |
tvatto 'nyo nāsti saṃsārī nāsaṃsārī ca kaścana
The line
The world is from your not knowing alone. You are the one, in the highest sense. There is no one other than you, neither one in the wandering nor one out of it.
नेपालीमा
विश्व तिम्रो अज्ञानबाट नै हो। परमार्थतः तिमी एक हौ। तिमीबाहेक अर्को कोही छैन, न संसारी न असंसारी।
Where it sits
Aṣṭāvakra (अष्टावक्र) is still speaking. The world is traced to not knowing, and no second person remains.
Split: tava (तव) + eva (एव) + ajñānataḥ (अज्ञानतः) + viśvam (विश्वम्) + tvam (त्वम्) + ekaḥ (एकः) + paramārthataḥ (परमार्थतः) + tvattaḥ (त्वत्तः) + anyaḥ (अन्यः) + na (न) + asti (अस्ति) + saṃsārī (संसारी) + na (न) + asaṃsārī (असंसारी) + ca (च) + kaścana (कश्चन)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| tava (तव) | genitive singular | of you. Recited inside tavaiva (तवैव). |
| eva (एव) | indeclinable | alone. Recited inside tavaivājñānataḥ (तवैवाज्ञानतः). |
| ajñānataḥ (अज्ञानतः) | indeclinable | from not knowing. Recited ajñānato (अज्ञानतो) before viśvam (विश्वम्). |
| viśvam (विश्वम्) | nominative singular, neuter | the world. |
| tvam (त्वम्) | nominative singular | you. Joined to ekaḥ (एकः). |
| ekaḥ (एकः) | nominative singular, masculine | the one. Agrees with tvam (त्वम्). |
| paramārthataḥ (परमार्थतः) | indeclinable | in the highest sense. |
| tvattaḥ (त्वत्तः) | ablative singular | from you. Recited tvatto (त्वत्तो) with avagraha before anyaḥ (अन्यः). |
| anyaḥ (अन्यः) | nominative singular, masculine | another. Recited nyo (न्यो) before na (न). |
| na (न) | indeclinable | not. Recited inside nāsti (नास्ति). |
| asti (अस्ति) | present third person singular | is. |
| saṃsārī (संसारी) | nominative singular, masculine | one who wanders on in the world. |
| na (न) | indeclinable | not. Recited inside nāsaṃsārī (नासंसारी). |
| asaṃsārī (असंसारी) | nominative singular, masculine | one who is not in the wandering. Agrees as a second predicate. |
| ca (च) | indeclinable | and. |
| kaścana (कश्चन) | nominative singular, masculine | anyone. kaḥ (कः) plus cana (चन), visarga becoming ś (श्) before c (च्). |
The phrases
viśvam (विश्वम्) is from tava (तव) eva (एव) ajñānataḥ (अज्ञानतः). tvam (त्वम्) is ekaḥ (एकः) paramārthataḥ (परमार्थतः). anyaḥ (अन्यः) tvattaḥ (त्वत्तः) na (न) asti (अस्ति), neither saṃsārī (संसारी) nor asaṃsārī (असंसारी), kaścana (कश्चन).
Sanskrit in this line
tava (तव) plus eva (एव) plus ajñānataḥ (अज्ञानतः) is tavaivājñānataḥ (तवैवाज्ञानतः), and ajñānataḥ (अज्ञानतः) before v (व्) is ajñānato (अज्ञानतो). tvam (त्वम्) plus ekaḥ (एकः) joins m (म्) to e (ए). tvattaḥ (त्वत्तः) plus anyaḥ (अन्यः) is tvatto (त्वत्तो) 'nyaḥ (ऽन्यः), and anyaḥ (अन्यः) before na (न) is nyo (न्यो). na (न) plus asti (अस्ति) is nāsti (नास्ति). na (न) plus asaṃsārī (असंसारी) is nāsaṃsārī (नासंसारी).
Say it back
From what is the world, and is there anyone other than you?