Aṣṭāvakra Gītā / Aṣṭāvakra (अध्याय १७) / 17.4
17.4
the Aṣṭāvakra Gītā (अष्टावक्र गीता)
यस् तु भोगेषु भुक्तेषु न भवत्यधिवासितः ।
अभुक्तेषु निराकाङ्क्षी तादृशो भवदुर्लभः yas tu bhogeṣu bhukteṣu na bhavaty adhivāsitaḥ |
abhukteṣu nirākāṅkṣī tādṛśo bhavadurlabhaḥ
The line
He who does not become steeped in enjoyments already taken, and who longs for none of those not taken, such a one is rare in the world.
नेपालीमा
जो भोगिसकेका भोगमा वासित हुँदैन र नभोगिएकामा आकाङ्क्षा राख्दैन त्यस्तो जन संसारमा दुर्लभ छ।
Where it sits
Astavakra is still speaking. The line divides enjoyments into those taken and those not taken.
Split: yaḥ (यः) + tu (तु) + bhogeṣu (भोगेषु) + bhukteṣu (भुक्तेषु) + na (न) + bhavati (भवति) + adhivāsitaḥ (अधिवासितः) + abhukteṣu (अभुक्तेषु) + nirākāṅkṣī (निराकाङ्क्षी) + tādṛśaḥ (तादृशः) + bhavadurlabhaḥ (भवदुर्लभः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| yaḥ (यः) | nominative singular, masculine | who. Recited yas (य) before tu (तु). |
| tu (तु) | indeclinable | indeed. |
| bhogeṣu (भोगेषु) | locative plural, masculine | in enjoyments. |
| bhukteṣu (भुक्तेषु) | locative plural, masculine | in those that have been enjoyed. Agrees with bhogeṣu (भोगेषु). |
| na (न) | indeclinable | not. |
| bhavati (भवति) | present third person singular | becomes. Recited bhavaty (भवत्य्) before adhivāsitaḥ (अधिवासितः). |
| adhivāsitaḥ (अधिवासितः) | nominative singular, masculine | steeped, scented through. Agrees with yaḥ (यः). |
| abhukteṣu (अभुक्तेषु) | locative plural, masculine | in those not enjoyed. |
| nirākāṅkṣī (निराकाङ्क्षी) | nominative singular, masculine | one without longing. Agrees with yaḥ (यः). |
| tādṛśaḥ (तादृशः) | nominative singular, masculine | such a one. Recited tādṛśo (तादृशो) before b (ब्). |
| bhavadurlabhaḥ (भवदुर्लभः) | nominative singular, masculine | rare in the world. bhava (भव) is becoming. durlabha (दुर्लभ) is hard to obtain. |
The phrases
yaḥ (यः) is the subject of na bhavati adhivāsitaḥ (अधिवासितः), located in bhogeṣu (भोगेषु) bhukteṣu (भुक्तेषु). nirākāṅkṣī (निराकाङ्क्षी) agrees with yaḥ (यः) and is located in abhukteṣu (अभुक्तेषु). tādṛśaḥ (तादृशः) and bhavadurlabhaḥ (भवदुर्लभः) are the predicate.
Sanskrit in this line
bhavati adhivāsitaḥ (अधिवासितः) is bhavaty adhivāsitaḥ (अधिवासितः). tādṛśaḥ (तादृशः) before bhava is tādṛśo (तादृशो). The print joins bhava and durlabhaḥ (दुर्लभः) as one run.
Say it back
In which enjoyments does he not become steeped?