Aṣṭāvakra Gītā / Aṣṭāvakra (अध्याय १७) / 17.5
17.5
the Aṣṭāvakra Gītā (अष्टावक्र गीता)
बुभुक्षुरिह संसारे मुमुक्षुरपि दृश्यते ।
भोगमोक्षनिराकाङ्क्षी विरलो हि महाशयः bubhukṣur iha saṃsāre mumukṣur api dṛśyate |
bhogamokṣanirākāṅkṣī viralo hi mahāśayaḥ
The line
Here in the world one sees the hungry, and one also sees the person who seeks release. Rare indeed is the great minded one who longs neither for enjoyment nor for release.
नेपालीमा
यस संसारमा भोकाएको देखिन्छ र मुक्ति चाहने पनि देखिन्छ। भोग र मोक्ष दुवैको आकाङ्क्षा नराख्ने महाशय साँच्चै दुर्लभ छ।
Where it sits
Astavakra is still speaking. Hunger and the wish for release are both set aside as common.
Split: bubhukṣuḥ (बुभुक्षुः) + iha (इह) + saṃsāre (संसारे) + mumukṣuḥ (मुमुक्षुः) + api (अपि) + dṛśyate (दृश्यते) + bhogamokṣanirākāṅkṣī (भोगमोक्षनिराकाङ्क्षी) + viralaḥ (विरलः) + hi (हि) + mahāśayaḥ (महाशयः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| bubhukṣuḥ (बुभुक्षुः) | nominative singular, masculine | one who wants to eat, the hungry. Recited bubhukṣur (बुभुक्षुर्) before i (इ). |
| iha (इह) | indeclinable | here. |
| saṃsāre (संसारे) | locative singular, masculine | in the wandering world. |
| mumukṣuḥ (मुमुक्षुः) | nominative singular, masculine | one who wants release. Recited mumukṣur (मुमुक्षुर्) before a (अ). |
| api (अपि) | indeclinable | also, even. |
| dṛśyate (दृश्यते) | present third person singular | is seen. |
| bhogamokṣanirākāṅkṣī (भोगमोक्षनिराकाङ्क्षी) | nominative singular, masculine | one without longing for enjoyment or for release. |
| viralaḥ (विरलः) | nominative singular, masculine | rare. Recited viralo (विरलो) before h (ह्). |
| hi (हि) | indeclinable | indeed. |
| mahāśayaḥ (महाशयः) | nominative singular, masculine | the great minded one. Agrees with bhogamokṣanirākāṅkṣī (भोगमोक्षनिराकाङ्क्षी). |
The phrases
bubhukṣuḥ (बुभुक्षुः) and mumukṣuḥ (मुमुक्षुः) are both subjects of dṛśyate (दृश्यते), placed iha saṃsāre (संसारे). api marks the second subject. viralaḥ (विरलः) agrees with mahāśayaḥ (महाशयः) and with bhogamokṣanirākāṅkṣī (भोगमोक्षनिराकाङ्क्षी). The verb of the second half is carried as is.
Sanskrit in this line
bubhukṣuḥ (बुभुक्षुः) before iha is bubhukṣur (बुभुक्षुर्). mumukṣuḥ (मुमुक्षुः) before api is mumukṣur (मुमुक्षुर्). viralaḥ (विरलः) before hi is viralo.
Say it back
Who is called rare?