Tarka-Saṃgraha / 15. Time
15
अतीतादिव्यवहारहेतुः कालः ।
स चैको विभुर् नित्यश् च atītādivyavahārahetuḥ kālaḥ |
sa caiko vibhur nityaś ca
The line
Time is the cause of our speaking of past and the rest, and it is one, all-pervading, and eternal.
नेपालीमा
काल भूत र अरू भन्ने हाम्रो वचनको कारण हो, र त्यो एक, सर्वव्यापी र नित्य छ।
Where it sits
Direction, 16, is told by east and the rest. The two are easy to collapse, and the primer gives each its own talk. Priority and posteriority that come from time return at 29.
Split: atīta-ādi-vyavahāra-hetuḥ (अतीत-आदि-व्यवहार-हेतुः) + kālaḥ (कालः) + saḥ (सः) + ca (च) + ekaḥ (एकः) + vibhuḥ (विभुः) + nityaḥ (नित्यः) + ca (च)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| atīta-ādi-vyavahāra-hetuḥ (अतीत-आदि-व्यवहार-हेतुः) | nominative singular, masculine | The cause of the talk of past, and of the rest. atīta (अतीत) is the past. ādi (आदि) brings in present and future. |
| kālaḥ (कालः) | nominative singular, masculine | Time. |
| saḥ (सः) | nominative singular, masculine | That, time. |
| ekaḥ (एकः) | nominative singular, masculine | One. Heard eko (एको) before vibhuḥ (विभुः). |
| vibhuḥ (विभुः) | nominative singular, masculine | All-pervading. Heard vibhur (विभुर्) before nityaḥ (नित्यः). |
| nityaḥ (नित्यः) | nominative singular, masculine | Eternal. Heard nityaś (नित्यश्) before ca (च). |
The phrases
Time is picked out by the words past, present, and future, not by a sensible quality.
Sanskrit in this line
Ekaḥ (एकः) before vibhuḥ (विभुः) is eko (एको). A visarga before a voiced consonant, after a (अ), is o (ओ).
Vibhuḥ (विभुः) before nityaḥ (नित्यः) is vibhur (विभुर्). A visarga before a voiced consonant is r (र्).
Nityaḥ (नित्यः) before ca (च) is nityaś (नित्यश्).
Say it back
Say the talk that time makes possible, in one word from the compound.