Tarka-Saṃgraha / 14. Ether
14
शब्दगुणमाकाशम् ।
तच् चैकं विभु नित्यं च śabdaguṇam ākāśam |
tac caikaṃ vibhu nityaṃ ca
The line
Ether has sound as its quality, and it is one, all-pervading, and eternal.
नेपालीमा
आकाशको गुण शब्द हो, र त्यो एक, सर्वव्यापी र नित्य छ।
Where it sits
The ear will turn out to be a portion of this ether, when sound is perceived at 43. Sound itself is the quality at 33. Time and direction, next, are also one, pervasive, and eternal, and they are told apart by the talk they make possible.
Split: śabda-guṇam (शब्द-गुणम्) + ākāśam (आकाशम्) + tat (तत्) + ca (च) + ekam (एकम्) + vibhu (विभु) + nityam (नित्यम्) + ca (च)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| śabda-guṇam (शब्द-गुणम्) | nominative singular, neuter | Whose quality is sound. |
| ākāśam (आकाशम्) | nominative singular, neuter | Ether. |
| tat (तत्) | nominative singular, neuter | That, ether. Heard tac (तच्) before ca (च). |
| ca (च) | indeclinable | And. Joins ekam (एकम्): caikam (चैकम्). |
| ekam (एकम्) | nominative singular, neuter | One. |
| vibhu (विभु) | nominative singular, neuter | All-pervading. Present everywhere. |
| nityam (नित्यम्) | nominative singular, neuter | Eternal. |
The phrases
No atom, no body, no outer organ in this paragraph. Sound is the mark, and the substance is one.
Sanskrit in this line
Tat (तत्) before ca (च) is tac (तच्). A final t (त्) before a voiceless stop stays c (च्) when the stop is c (च्).
Ca (च) plus ekam (एकम्) is caikam (चैकम्).
Say it back
Say the one quality, and the three adjectives.