Tarka-Saṃgraha / 18. Mind
18
सुखाद्युपलब्धिसाधनमिन्द्रियं मनः ।
तच् च प्रत्यात्मनियतत्वादनन्तं परमाणुरूपं नित्यं च sukhādyupalabdhisādhanam indriyaṃ manaḥ |
tac ca pratyātmaniyatatvād anantaṃ paramāṇurūpaṃ nityaṃ ca
The line
Mind is the inner sense, the means of apprehending pleasure and the rest. Because it is allotted one to each self, minds are endless, and each is atomic and eternal.
नेपालीमा
मन अन्तरिन्द्रिय हो, सुख र अरू कुरा लिने साधन हो। प्रत्येक आत्मामा एक एक परेको हुनाले मन अनन्त छन्, र प्रत्येक अणु र नित्य छ।
Where it sits
The nine substances are complete. 19 begins the qualities, with color. Nyāya (न्याय) 1.1.16 is Gautama's line on the mind, a different sentence: what does not arise when the senses are simultaneously in contact. Read that line when this paragraph is familiar.
Split: sukha-ādi-upalabdhi-sādhanam (सुख-आदि-उपलब्धि-साधनम्) + indriyam (इन्द्रियम्) + manaḥ (मनः) + tat (तत्) + ca (च) + prati-ātma-niyatatvāt (प्रति-आत्म-नियतत्वात्) + anantam (अनन्तम्) + paramāṇu-rūpam (परमाणु-रूपम्) + nityam (नित्यम्) + ca (च)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| sukha-ādi-upalabdhi-sādhanam (सुख-आदि-उपलब्धि-साधनम्) | nominative singular, neuter | The means of apprehending pleasure and the rest. ādi (आदि) brings in pain and the other inner qualities. |
| indriyam (इन्द्रियम्) | nominative singular, neuter | The sense, the instrument. |
| manaḥ (मनः) | nominative singular, neuter | Mind. The inner sense. |
| tat (तत्) | nominative singular, neuter | That, mind. Heard tac (तच्) before ca (च). |
| pratyātma-niyatatvāt (प्रत्यात्म-नियतत्वात्) | ablative singular | Because it is fixed one to each self. |
| anantam (अनन्तम्) | nominative singular, neuter | Endless. As many as there are selves. |
| paramāṇu-rūpam (परमाणु-रूपम्) | nominative singular, neuter | Atom-sized. |
| nityam (नित्यम्) | nominative singular, neuter | Eternal. |
The phrases
The outer senses grasp color, taste, smell, touch, and sound. Pleasure is not among them. The mind is the instrument for pleasure, pain, and the rest.
Each self has its mind. The minds are therefore endless, and each is a single atom, and eternal.
Sanskrit in this line
Sukha (सुख) plus ādi (आदि) is sukhādi (सुखादि). Short a (अ) plus short ā (आ) is ā (आ).
Prati (प्रति) plus ātman (आत्मन्) is pratyātma (प्रत्यात्म). Short i (इ) plus short ā (आ) is yā (या).
Say it back
Say what the mind apprehends, and why there is more than one mind.