Tarka-Saṃgraha / 22. Touch
22
त्वगिन्द्रियमात्रग्राह्यो गुणः स्पर्शः । स च त्रिविधः शीतोष्णानुष्णाशीतभेदात् । पृथिव्यप्तेजोवायुवृत्तिः । तत्र शीतो जले । उष्णस् तेजसि । अनुष्णाशीतः पृथिवीवाय्वोः tvagindriyamātragrāhyo guṇaḥ sparśaḥ | sa ca trividhaḥ śītoṣṇānuṣṇāśītabhedāt | pṛthivyaptejovāyuvṛttiḥ | tatra śīto jale | uṣṇas tejasi | anuṣṇāśītaḥ pṛthivīvāyvoḥ
The line
Touch is the quality grasped by the skin alone. It is cold, hot, or neither. It occurs in earth, water, fire, and air. Cold is in water, hot in fire, and the neither-hot-nor-cold in earth and air.
नेपालीमा
स्पर्श छालाले मात्र लिइने गुण हो, त्यो चिसो, तातो वा न चिसो न तातो हुन्छ, र पृथ्वी, जल, तेज र वायुमा हुन्छ। चिसो जलमा, तातो तेजमा, र न तातो न चिसो पृथ्वी र वायुमा हुन्छ।
Where it sits
11 and 12 used cold touch and hot touch as the marks of water and fire. This paragraph is the quality those marks were using. The four sensible qualities, taken together, are 23.
Split: tvac-indriya-mātra-grāhyaḥ (त्वच्-इन्द्रिय-मात्र-ग्राह्यः) + guṇaḥ (गुणः) + sparśaḥ (स्पर्शः) + saḥ (सः) + ca (च) + trividhaḥ (त्रिविधः) + śīta-uṣṇa-anuṣṇāśīta-bhedāt (शीत-उष्ण-अनुष्णाशीत-भेदात्) + pṛthivī-ap-tejas-vāyu-vṛttiḥ (पृथिवी-अप्-तेजस्-वायु-वृत्तिः) + tatra (तत्र) + śītaḥ (शीतः) + jale (जले) + uṣṇaḥ (उष्णः) + tejasi (तेजसि) + anuṣṇāśītaḥ (अनुष्णाशीतः) + pṛthivī-vāyvoḥ (पृथिवी-वाय्वोः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| tvag-indriya-mātra-grāhyaḥ (त्वग्-इन्द्रिय-मात्र-ग्राह्यः) | nominative singular, masculine | Graspable by the skin-sense alone. |
| sparśaḥ (स्पर्शः) | nominative singular, masculine | Touch. The file had written saparśaḥ (सपर्शः). The sitting reads sparśaḥ (स्पर्शः). |
| trividhaḥ (त्रिविधः) | nominative singular, masculine | Of three kinds. |
| śītaḥ (शीतः) | nominative singular, masculine | Cold. In water. |
| uṣṇaḥ (उष्णः) | nominative singular, masculine | Hot. In fire. Heard uṣṇas (उष्ण) before tejasi (तेजसि). |
| anuṣṇāśītaḥ (अनुष्णाशीतः) | nominative singular, masculine | Neither hot nor cold. In earth and air. |
| pṛthivī-ap-tejo-vāyu-vṛttiḥ (पृथिवी-अप्-तेजो-वायु-वृत्तिः) | nominative singular | Occurring in earth, water, fire, and air. |
The phrases
Ether and what follows have no touch. The four elements do, and the three touches match the marks already given: cold water, hot fire, and the touch of earth and of air.
Sanskrit in this line
Anuṣṇa (अनुष्ण) plus aśīta (अशीत) is anuṣṇāśīta (अनुष्णाशीत). Short a (अ) plus short a (अ) is ā (आ). A-śīta (अ-शीत) is not-cold.
Pṛthivī (पृथिवी) plus vāyvoḥ (वाय्वोः) is pṛthivīvāyvoḥ (पृथिवीवाय्वोः). The dual locative vāyvoḥ (वाय्वोः) covers earth and air together.
Say it back
Place each of the three touches in its substance.