Tarka-Saṃgraha / 81. Seven, and no eighth
81
सर्वेषां पदार्थानां यथायथमुक्तेष्वन्तर्भावात् सप्तैव पदार्था इति सिद्धम् sarveṣāṃ padārthānāṃ yathāyatham ukteṣv antarbhāvāt saptaiva padārthā iti siddham
The line
Because all categories are included, each in its place, among those that have been stated, just seven categories are established.
नेपालीमा
भनिएकाहरूमा सबै पदार्थ आआफ्नो ठाउँमा समेटिएकाले केवल सात पदार्थ सिद्ध हुन्छन्।
Where it sits
The author's verse is 82. From here the way on is Nyāya (न्याय) 1.1.1, Vaiśeṣika (वैशेषिक) 1.1.4, and the pramāṇas (प्रमाण).
Split: sarveṣām (सर्वेषाम्) + padārthānām (पदार्थानाम्) + yathāyatham (यथायथम्) + ukteṣu (उक्तेषु) + antarbhāvāt (अन्तर्भावात्) + sapta (सप्त) + eva (एव) + padārthāḥ (पदार्थाः) + iti (इति) + siddham (सिद्धम्)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| sarveṣām padārthānām (सर्वेषाम् पदार्थानाम्) | genitive plural | Of all categories. Of whatever one might put forward as a further category. |
| yathāyatham (यथायथम्) | indeclinable | Each in its own place. |
| ukteṣu (उक्तेषु) | locative plural, masculine | Among those that have been stated. The seven. |
| antarbhāvāt (अन्तर्भावात्) | ablative singular | Because of being included. |
| sapta eva padārthāḥ (सप्त एव पदार्थाः) | just seven categories | Heard saptaiva (सप्तैव). The seven of 2. |
| iti siddham (इति सिद्धम्) | thus it is established | The close of the argument. |
The phrases
Anything further one might name finds a place inside one of the seven. The primer does not open an eighth.
Sanskrit in this line
Yathā (यथा) doubled, yathāyatham (यथायथम्), is 'each as is fitting.'
Sapta (सप्त) plus eva (एव) is saptaiva (सप्तैव).
Say it back
Say the conclusion in one clause: how many, and why not more.