Tarka-Saṃgraha / 51. The dissimilar case
51
निश्चितसाध्याभाववान् विपक्षः ।
यथा तत्रैव महाह्रदः niścitasādhyābhāvavān vipakṣaḥ |
yathā tatraiva mahāhradaḥ
The line
The dissimilar case is what has the absence of the thing-to-be-proved as already settled, as the great lake is in that same argument.
नेपालीमा
विपक्ष त्यो हो जसमा साध्यको अभाव पहिले नै सिद्ध छ, जस्तै त्यही युक्तिमा ठूलो पोखरी।
Where it sits
The failed reasons begin at 52. Nyāya (न्याय) 1.2.4 has Gautama's five names. The primer's five, in the next paragraphs, are the later list.
Split: niścita-sādhya-abhāvavān (निश्चित-साध्य-अभाववान्) + vipakṣaḥ (विपक्षः) + yathā (यथा) + tatra eva (तत्र एव) + mahāhradaḥ (महाह्रदः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| niścita-sādhya-abhāvavān (निश्चित-साध्य-अभाववान्) | nominative singular, masculine | Possessing the absence of the thing-to-be-proved, as already settled. |
| vipakṣaḥ (विपक्षः) | nominative singular, masculine | The dissimilar case. |
| mahāhradaḥ (महाह्रदः) | nominative singular, masculine | The great lake. No fire, and no smoke. |
The phrases
The lake is the negative example of 48.
Sanskrit in this line
Vi (वि) plus pakṣa (पक्ष) is vipakṣa (विपक्ष). Sādhya (साध्य) plus abhāvavat (अभाववत्) is sādhyābhāvavat (साध्याभाववत्).
Say it back
Say what is settled about the lake.