Tarka-Saṃgraha / 78. The particular
78
नित्यद्रव्यवृत्तयो व्यावर्तका विशेषाः nityadravyavṛttayo vyāvartakā viśeṣāḥ
The line
The particulars reside in the eternal substances, and they ward each one off from the others.
नेपालीमा
विशेषहरू नित्य द्रव्यमा बस्छन्, र तिनीहरू प्रत्येकलाई अरूबाट छुट्याउँछन्।
Where it sits
Inherence is 79. The school's name, Vaiśeṣika (वैशेषिक), is this word. Kaṇāda (कणाद)'s book takes the particular as the last distinction of an atom. The primer is using that category.
Split: nitya-dravya-vṛttayaḥ (नित्य-द्रव्य-वृत्तयः) + vyāvartakāḥ (व्यावर्तकाः) + viśeṣāḥ (विशेषाः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| nitya-dravya-vṛttayaḥ (नित्य-द्रव्य-वृत्तयः) | nominative plural, masculine | Residing in eternal substances. From 7. |
| vyāvartakāḥ (व्यावर्तकाः) | nominative plural, masculine | Warding off. What keeps this eternal substance from being that one. Heard vyāvartakā (व्यावर्तका) before viśeṣāḥ (विशेषाः). |
| viśeṣāḥ (विशेषाः) | nominative plural, masculine | The particulars. |
The phrases
A class gathers. A particular of this kind does the opposite: it is the last distinction, and it has no class beneath it.
Sanskrit in this line
Vi (वि) plus āvartaka (आवर्तक) is vyāvartaka (व्यावर्तक), what turns something away.
Say it back
Say where a viśeṣa (विशेष) resides and what it does.