1.20
Tattvārtha Sūtra / Adhyāya 1 / 1.20
श्रुतं मतिपूर्वं द्व्यनेकद्वादशभेदम्
śrutaṃ matipūrvaṃ dvyanekadvādaśabhedam
The line
Heard, a compound: a thought, and the earlier, a compound: dvya (द्व्य), neka (नेक), dvādaśa (द्वादश), and a difference.
Where it sits
In Tattvārtha (तत्त्वार्थ) Sūtra (सूत्र), adhyāya (अध्याय) 1. The path, the seven tattvas (तत्त्व), and the means of knowing. The kinds of sense-grasping in 1.16 are the Śvetāmbara (श्वेताम्बर) list: many, of many sorts, swift, without a mark, aniśrita (अनिश्रित), undoubted, asaṃdigdha (असंदिग्ध), and steady, with their opposites. The Digambara (दिगम्बर) reading lists many, of many sorts, swift, unexpressed, unspoken, and steady. The line that avadhi (अवधि) is twofold, 1.21, and the last line, 1.35, are the Śvetāmbara (श्वेताम्बर) reading. The Sarvārthasiddhi (सर्वार्थसिद्धि) does not carry them as its own sūtras (सूत्र). The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: śrutaṃ (श्रुतं) + mati-pūrvaṃ (मति-पूर्वं) + dvya-neka-dvādaśa-bhedam (द्व्य-नेक-द्वादश-भेदम्)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| śrutaṃ (श्रुतं) | nominative or accusative singular, neuter | heard |
| mati-pūrvaṃ (मति-पूर्वं) | accusative singular, masculine | a compound: a thought, and the earlier. Read it from the end |
| dvya-neka-dvādaśa-bhedam (द्व्य-नेक-द्वादश-भेदम्) | accusative singular, masculine | a compound: dvya (द्व्य), neka (नेक), dvādaśa (द्वादश), and a difference. Read it from the end |
The phrases
śrutaṃ (श्रुतं) is heard. It stands as nominative or accusative singular, neuter. mati-pūrvaṃ (मति-पूर्वं) is a compound: a thought, and the earlier. Read it from the end. It stands as accusative singular, masculine.
dvya-neka-dvādaśa-bhedam (द्व्य-नेक-द्वादश-भेदम्) is a compound: dvya (द्व्य), neka (नेक), dvādaśa (द्वादश), and a difference. Read it from the end. It stands as accusative singular, masculine.
Sanskrit in this line
dvya-neka-dvādaśa-bhedam (द्व्य-नेक-द्वादश-भेदम्) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss śrutaṃ (श्रुतं) and mati-pūrvaṃ (मति-पूर्वं).