2.20
Tattvārtha Sūtra / 2. Jīva (जीव) / 2.20
स्पर्शरसगन्धवर्णशब्दास् तदर्थाः
sparśarasagandhavarṇaśabdās tadarthāḥ
The line
A compound: touch, taste, smell, a sound, a class, and a word, for the sake of that.
Where it sits
In Tattvārtha (तत्त्वार्थ) Sūtra (सूत्र), adhyāya (अध्याय) 2. Jīva (जीव). The soul, its states, and the kinds of beings. The line is short. sparśa-nara-sana-ghrāṇa-cakṣu-ḥśrotrāṇi (स्पर्श-नर-सन-घ्राण-चक्षु-ःश्रोत्राणि) from 2.19 is still in force. A sūtra (सूत्र) leaves a word out when the line before still holds it. That carrying is anuvṛtti (अनुवृत्ति).
Split: sparśa-rasa-gandha-varṇa-śabdāḥ (स्पर्श-रस-गन्ध-वर्ण-शब्दाः) + tadarthāḥ (तदर्थाः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| sparśa-rasa-gandha-varṇa-śabdāḥ (स्पर्श-रस-गन्ध-वर्ण-शब्दाः) | nominative plural | a compound: touch, taste, smell, a sound, a class, and a word. Read it from the end |
| tadarthāḥ (तदर्थाः) | nominative plural | for the sake of that |
The phrases
sparśa-rasa-gandha-varṇa-śabdāḥ (स्पर्श-रस-गन्ध-वर्ण-शब्दाः) is a compound: touch, taste, smell, a sound, a class, and a word. Read it from the end. It stands as nominative plural. The line writes it sparśarasagandhavarṇaśabdās (स्पर्शरसगन्धवर्णशब्दास्).
tadarthāḥ (तदर्थाः) is for the sake of that. It stands as nominative plural.
Sanskrit in this line
sparśa-rasa-gandha-varṇa-śabdāḥ (स्पर्श-रस-गन्ध-वर्ण-शब्दाः) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case. The line writes it sparśarasagandhavarṇaśabdās (स्पर्शरसगन्धवर्णशब्दास्).
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss sparśa-rasa-gandha-varṇa-śabdāḥ (स्पर्श-रस-गन्ध-वर्ण-शब्दाः) and tadarthāḥ (तदर्थाः).