2.8
Tattvārtha Sūtra / 2. Jīva (जीव) / 2.8
उपयोगो लक्षणम्
upayogo lakṣaṇam
The line
Being at work as knowing or seeing, a mark.
Where it sits
In Tattvārtha (तत्त्वार्थ) Sūtra (सूत्र), adhyāya (अध्याय) 2. Jīva (जीव). The soul, its states, and the kinds of beings. The line is short. jīva-bhavyā-bhavyatvāni (जीव-भव्या-भव्यत्वानि) from 2.7 is still in force. A sūtra (सूत्र) leaves a word out when the line before still holds it. That carrying is anuvṛtti (अनुवृत्ति).
Split: upayogaḥ (उपयोगः) + lakṣaṇam (लक्षणम्)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| upayogaḥ (उपयोगः) | nominative singular, masculine | being at work as knowing or seeing |
| lakṣaṇam (लक्षणम्) | nominative or accusative singular, neuter | a mark |
The phrases
upayogaḥ (उपयोगः) is being at work as knowing or seeing. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. The line writes it upayogo.
lakṣaṇam (लक्षणम्) is a mark. It stands as nominative or accusative singular, neuter.
Sanskrit in this line
upayogaḥ (उपयोगः) is nominative singular, masculine. That ending is the work an English preposition would do. The line writes it upayogo.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss upayogaḥ (उपयोगः) and lakṣaṇam (लक्षणम्).