3.15
Tattvārtha Sūtra / Adhyāya 3 / 3.15
प्रथमो योजनसहस्रायामस् तदर्द्धविष्कम्भो ह्रदः
prathamo yojanasahasrāyāmas tadarddhaviṣkambho hradaḥ
The line
First, a compound: yojana (योजन), with, and srāyāma (स्रायाम), tadarddhaviṣkambha (तदर्द्धविष्कम्भ), hrada (ह्रद).
Where it sits
In Tattvārtha (तत्त्वार्थ) Sūtra (सूत्र), adhyāya (अध्याय) 3. The lower world and the middle world. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: prathamaḥ (प्रथमः) + yojana-saha-srāyāmaḥ (योजन-सह-स्रायामः) + tadarddhaviṣkambho (तदर्द्धविष्कम्भो) + hradaḥ (ह्रदः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| prathamaḥ (प्रथमः) | nominative singular, masculine | first |
| yojana-saha-srāyāmaḥ (योजन-सह-स्रायामः) | nominative singular, masculine | a compound: yojana (योजन), with, and srāyāma (स्रायाम). Read it from the end |
| tadarddhaviṣkambho (तदर्द्धविष्कम्भो) | nominative singular, masculine | tadarddhaviṣkambha (तदर्द्धविष्कम्भ) |
| hradaḥ (ह्रदः) | nominative singular, masculine | hrada (ह्रद) |
The phrases
prathamaḥ (प्रथमः) is first. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. The line writes it prathamo. yojana-saha-srāyāmaḥ (योजन-सह-स्रायामः) is a compound: yojana (योजन), with, and srāyāma (स्रायाम). Read it from the end. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. The line writes it yojanasahasrāyāmas (योजनसहस्रायाम).
tadarddhaviṣkambho (तदर्द्धविष्कम्भो) is tadarddhaviṣkambha (तदर्द्धविष्कम्भ). It stands as nominative singular, masculine. hradaḥ (ह्रदः) is hrada (ह्रद). It stands as nominative singular, masculine.
Sanskrit in this line
yojana-saha-srāyāmaḥ (योजन-सह-स्रायामः) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case. The line writes it prathamo. The line writes it yojanasahasrāyāmas (योजनसहस्रायाम).
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss prathamaḥ (प्रथमः) and yojana-saha-srāyāmaḥ (योजन-सह-स्रायामः).