4.12
Tattvārtha Sūtra / Adhyāya 4 / 4.12
ज्योतिष्काः सूर्याचन्द्रमसौ ग्रहनक्षत्रप्रकीर्णकतारकाश् च
jyotiṣkāḥ sūryācandramasau grahanakṣatraprakīrṇakatārakāś ca
The line
jyotiṣka (ज्योतिष्क), sūryācandramasa (सूर्याचन्द्रमस), grahanakṣatraprakīrṇakatārakāś (ग्रहनक्षत्रप्रकीर्णकतारकाश्) and.
Where it sits
In Tattvārtha (तत्त्वार्थ) Sūtra (सूत्र), adhyāya (अध्याय) 4. The gods and the heavenly abodes. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: jyotiṣkāḥ (ज्योतिष्काः) + sūryācandramasau (सूर्याचन्द्रमसौ) + grahanakṣatraprakīrṇakatārakāś (ग्रहनक्षत्रप्रकीर्णकतारकाश्) + ca (च)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| jyotiṣkāḥ (ज्योतिष्काः) | nominative plural | jyotiṣka (ज्योतिष्क) |
| sūryācandramasau (सूर्याचन्द्रमसौ) | nominative or accusative dual, or locative singular | sūryācandramasa (सूर्याचन्द्रमस) |
| grahanakṣatraprakīrṇakatārakāś (ग्रहनक्षत्रप्रकीर्णकतारकाश्) | the form as the line writes it | this word, as the line writes it |
| ca (च) | indeclinable | and |
The phrases
jyotiṣkāḥ (ज्योतिष्काः) is jyotiṣka (ज्योतिष्क). It stands as nominative plural. sūryācandramasau (सूर्याचन्द्रमसौ) is sūryācandramasa (सूर्याचन्द्रमस). It stands as nominative or accusative dual, or locative singular.
grahanakṣatraprakīrṇakatārakāś (ग्रहनक्षत्रप्रकीर्णकतारकाश्) is this word, as the line writes it. It stands as the form as the line writes it. ca (च) is and. It stands as indeclinable.
Sanskrit in this line
grahanakṣatraprakīrṇakatārakāś (ग्रहनक्षत्रप्रकीर्णकतारकाश्) is the form as the line writes it. That ending is the work an English preposition would do.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss jyotiṣkāḥ (ज्योतिष्काः) and sūryācandramasau (सूर्याचन्द्रमसौ).