5.22
Tattvārtha Sūtra / 5. Ajīva (अजीव) / 5.22
वर्तनापरिणामक्रियाः परत्वापरत्वे च कालस्य
vartanāpariṇāmakriyāḥ paratvāparatve ca kālasya
The line
A compound: vartanā (वर्तना), transformation, and kriya (क्रिय), in a compound: priority, and posteriority and, of time.
Where it sits
In Tattvārtha (तत्त्वार्थ) Sūtra (सूत्र), adhyāya (अध्याय) 5. Ajīva (अजीव). What is not soul: the media of motion and rest, space, matter, and time. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: vartanā-pariṇāma-kriyāḥ (वर्तना-परिणाम-क्रियाः) + paratva-aparatve (परत्व-अपरत्वे) + ca (च) + kālasya (कालस्य)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| vartanā-pariṇāma-kriyāḥ (वर्तना-परिणाम-क्रियाः) | nominative plural | a compound: vartanā (वर्तना), transformation, and kriya (क्रिय). Read it from the end |
| paratva-aparatve (परत्व-अपरत्वे) | locative singular, or nominative or accusative dual, neuter | a compound: priority, and posteriority. Read it from the end |
| ca (च) | indeclinable | and |
| kālasya (कालस्य) | genitive singular | time |
The phrases
vartanā-pariṇāma-kriyāḥ (वर्तना-परिणाम-क्रियाः) is a compound: vartanā (वर्तना), transformation, and kriya (क्रिय). Read it from the end. It stands as nominative plural. paratva-aparatve (परत्व-अपरत्वे) is a compound: priority, and posteriority. Read it from the end. It stands as locative singular, or nominative or accusative dual, neuter.
ca (च) is and. It stands as indeclinable. kālasya (कालस्य) is time. It stands as genitive singular.
Sanskrit in this line
vartanā-pariṇāma-kriyāḥ (वर्तना-परिणाम-क्रियाः) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss vartanā-pariṇāma-kriyāḥ (वर्तना-परिणाम-क्रियाः) and paratva-aparatve (परत्व-अपरत्वे).
Next
5.23. A compound: touch, taste, smell, a sound, a class, and vanta (वन्त), matter.