9.6
Tattvārtha Sūtra / 9. Saṃvara (संवर) / 9.6
उत्तमक्षमामार्दवार्जवसौचसत्यसंयमतपस्त्यागाकिंचन्यब्रह्मचर्याणि धर्मः
uttamakṣamāmārdavārjavasaucasatyasaṃyamatapastyāgākiṃcanyabrahmacaryāṇi dharmaḥ
The line
A compound: utta (उत्त), makṣa (मक्ष), māmā (मामा), rdavā (र्दवा), rjava (र्जव), sauca (सौच), truth, saṃyama (संयम), austerity, tyāgā (त्यागा), kiṃca (किंच), nyabra (न्यब्र), and hmacarya (ह्मचर्य), dharma.
Where it sits
In Tattvārtha (तत्त्वार्थ) Sūtra (सूत्र), adhyāya (अध्याय) 9. Saṃvara (संवर) and nirjarā (निर्जरा). Stoppage, and the wearing away. The line is short. īryābhāṣaiṣaṇādānanikṣepotsargāḥ (ईर्याभाषैषणादाननिक्षेपोत्सर्गाः) from 9.5 is still in force. A sūtra (सूत्र) leaves a word out when the line before still holds it. That carrying is anuvṛtti (अनुवृत्ति).
Split: utta-makṣa-māmā-rdavā-rjava-sauca-satya-saṃyama-tapas-tyāgā-kiṃca-nyabra-hmacaryāṇi (उत्त-मक्ष-मामा-र्दवा-र्जव-सौच-सत्य-संयम-तपस्-त्यागा-किंच-न्यब्र-ह्मचर्याणि) + dharmaḥ (धर्मः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| utta-makṣa-māmā-rdavā-rjava-sauca-satya-saṃyama-tapas-tyāgā-kiṃca-nyabra-hmacaryāṇi (उत्त-मक्ष-मामा-र्दवा-र्जव-सौच-सत्य-संयम-तपस्-त्यागा-किंच-न्यब्र-ह्मचर्याणि) | nominative or accusative plural, neuter | a compound: utta (उत्त), makṣa (मक्ष), māmā (मामा), rdavā (र्दवा), rjava (र्जव), sauca (सौच), truth, saṃyama (संयम), austerity, tyāgā (त्यागा), kiṃca (किंच), nyabra (न्यब्र), and hmacarya (ह्मचर्य). Read it from the end |
| dharmaḥ (धर्मः) | nominative singular, masculine | dharma |
The phrases
utta-makṣa-māmā-rdavā-rjava-sauca-satya-saṃyama-tapas-tyāgā-kiṃca-nyabra-hmacaryāṇi (उत्त-मक्ष-मामा-र्दवा-र्जव-सौच-सत्य-संयम-तपस्-त्यागा-किंच-न्यब्र-ह्मचर्याणि) is a compound: utta (उत्त), makṣa (मक्ष), māmā (मामा), rdavā (र्दवा), rjava (र्जव), sauca (सौच), truth, saṃyama (संयम), austerity, tyāgā (त्यागा), kiṃca (किंच), nyabra (न्यब्र), and hmacarya (ह्मचर्य). Read it from the end. It stands as nominative or accusative plural, neuter.
dharmaḥ (धर्मः) is dharma. It stands as nominative singular, masculine.
Sanskrit in this line
utta-makṣa-māmā-rdavā-rjava-sauca-satya-saṃyama-tapas-tyāgā-kiṃca-nyabra-hmacaryāṇi (उत्त-मक्ष-मामा-र्दवा-र्जव-सौच-सत्य-संयम-तपस्-त्यागा-किंच-न्यब्र-ह्मचर्याणि) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss utta-makṣa-māmā-rdavā-rjava-sauca-satya-saṃyama-tapas-tyāgā-kiṃca-nyabra-hmacaryāṇi (उत्त-मक्ष-मामा-र्दवा-र्जव-सौच-सत्य-संयम-तपस्-त्यागा-किंच-न्यब्र-ह्मचर्याणि) and dharmaḥ (धर्मः).