2.2.13
Vaiśeṣika Sūtra / Adhyāya 2 / 2.2.13
कार्यविशेषेण नानात्वम्
kāryaviśeṣeṇa nānātvam
The line
By means of a compound: an effect, and a difference, not anātva (अनात्व).
Where it sits
In Vaiśeṣika (वैशेषिक) Sūtra (सूत्र), adhyāya (अध्याय) 2. Earth, water, fire, air, and the qualities that mark them. Then ether, time, and space. The line is short. tattva-mbhāvena (तत्त्व-म्भावेन) from 2.2.12 is still in force. A sūtra (सूत्र) leaves a word out when the line before still holds it. That carrying is anuvṛtti (अनुवृत्ति).
Split: kārya-viśeṣeṇa (कार्य-विशेषेण) + na (न) + anātvam (अनात्वम्)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| kārya-viśeṣeṇa (कार्य-विशेषेण) | instrumental singular | a compound: an effect, and a difference. Read it from the end |
| na (न) | indeclinable | not |
| anātvam (अनात्वम्) | accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter | anātva (अनात्व) |
The phrases
kārya-viśeṣeṇa (कार्य-विशेषेण) is a compound: an effect, and a difference. Read it from the end. It stands as instrumental singular. na (न) is not. It stands as indeclinable.
anātvam (अनात्वम्) is anātva (अनात्व). It stands as accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter.
Sanskrit in this line
kārya-viśeṣeṇa (कार्य-विशेषेण) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss kārya-viśeṣeṇa (कार्य-विशेषेण) and anātvam (अनात्वम्).