Adhyāya 8

Summary

Adhyāya (अध्याय) 8 is knowing as it resides in substances. Perception, and what perception does not reach, are marked. A cognition is a quality of the self. It is not itself a substance, and it is not the seer the Sāṅkhya (साङ्ख्य) verses call puruṣa (पुरुष).

नेपालीमा

अध्याय ८ मा द्रव्यमा बस्ने ज्ञानको कुरा छ। प्रत्यक्ष र प्रत्यक्षले नपुग्ने कुरा चिनाइन्छ। बुद्धि आत्माको गुण हो। यो आफैँ द्रव्य होइन, र साङ्ख्य श्लोकले पुरुष भन्ने द्रष्टा पनि होइन।

Knowing as it resides in substances. Perception, and what it does not reach.

17 of 17 lines in this chapter are written out word by word.

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8.1.1	द्रव्येषु ज्ञानं व्याख्यातम् dravyeṣu jñānaṃ vyākhyātam In a substance, knowing, has been explained.
8.1.2	तत्रात्मा मनश्चाप्रत्यक्षे tatrātmā manaścāpratyakṣe There, the self, in a compound: manaścā (मनश्चा), and direct.
8.1.3	ज्ञाननिर्देशे ज्ञाननिष्पत्तिविधिरुक्तः jñānanirdeśe jñānaniṣpattividhiruktaḥ In a compound: knowing, and a statement of what the rule is, a compound: knowing, niṣpatti (निष्पत्ति), an injunction, and rukta (रुक्त).
8.1.4	गुणकर्मसु सन्निकृष्टेषु ज्ञाननिष्पत्तेः द्रव्यं कारणम् guṇakarmasu sannikṛṣṭeṣu jñānaniṣpatteḥ dravyaṃ kāraṇam A compound: a quality, and karmasu (कर्मसु), in sannikṛṣṭa (सन्निकृष्ट), of a compound: knowing, and niṣpatta (निष्पत्त), a substance, a cause.
8.1.5	सामान्यविशेषेषु सामान्यविशेषाभावात् तदेव ज्ञानम् sāmānyaviśeṣeṣu sāmānyaviśeṣābhāvāt tadeva jñānam In a compound: a common case, and a difference, because of a compound: a common case, a difference, and absence, then, like, as if, knowing.
8.1.6	सामान्यविशेषापेक्षं द्रव्यगुणकर्मसु sāmānyaviśeṣāpekṣaṃ dravyaguṇakarmasu A compound: a common case, viśe (विशे), and ṣāpekṣa (षापेक्ष), a compound: a substance, a quality, and karmasu (कर्मसु).
8.1.7	द्रव्ये द्रव्यगुणकर्मापेक्षम् dravye dravyaguṇakarmāpekṣam In a substance, a compound: a substance, a quality, karmā (कर्मा), and pekṣa (पेक्ष).
8.1.8	गुणकर्मसु गुणकर्माभावात् गुणकर्मापेक्षं न विद्यते guṇakarmasu guṇakarmābhāvāt guṇakarmāpekṣaṃ na vidyate A compound: a quality, and karmasu (कर्मसु), because of a compound: a quality, action, and absence, a compound: a quality, karmā (कर्मा), and pekṣa (पेक्ष).
8.1.9	समवायिनः श्वैत्याच्छ्वैत्य बुद्धेश्च श्वेते बुद्विस्ते एते कार्यकारणभूते samavāyinaḥ śvaityācchvaitya buddheśca śvete budviste ete kāryakāraṇabhūte A compound: an equalizing, a rejoinder that turns an example back, and vāyina (वायिन), śvaityācchvaitya (श्वैत्याच्छ्वैत्य), buddheśca (बुद्धेश्च), in śveta (श्वेत), in.
8.1.10	द्रव्येष्वनितरेतरकारणाः dravyeṣvanitaretarakāraṇāḥ A compound: dravye (द्रव्ये), ṣvani (ष्वनि), tare (तरे), tara (तर), and a cause.
8.1.11	कारणायौगपद्यात् कारणक्रमाच्च घटपटादिबुद्धीनां क्रमो न हेतुफलभावात् kāraṇāyaugapadyāt kāraṇakramācca ghaṭapaṭādibuddhīnāṃ kramo na hetuphalabhāvāt Because of kāraṇāyaugapadya (कारणायौगपद्य), a compound: a cause, and kramācca (क्रमाच्च), of a compound: ghaṭa (घट), paṭādi (पटादि), and one who has woken, order, not.
8.2.1	अयमेष त्वया कृतं भोजयैनं इति बुद्ध्यपेक्षम् ayameṣa tvayā kṛtaṃ bhojayainaṃ iti buddhyapekṣam This, this, by means of by you, done, bhojayaina (भोजयैन) thus, a compound: the intellect, and apekṣa (अपेक्ष).
8.2.2	दृष्टेषु भावाददृष्टेष्वभावात् dṛṣṭeṣu bhāvādadṛṣṭeṣvabhāvāt In seen, because of a compound: bhāvā (भावा), dadṛ (ददृ), ṣṭeṣva (ष्टेष्व), and a state.
8.2.3	अर्थ इति द्रव्यगुणकर्मसु artha iti dravyaguṇakarmasu The thing, the meaning thus, a compound: a substance, a quality, and karmasu (कर्मसु).
8.2.4	द्रव्येषु पञ्चात्मकत्वं प्रतिषिद्धम् dravyeṣu pañcātmakatvaṃ pratiṣiddham In a substance, pañcātmakatva (पञ्चात्मकत्व), a compound: toward, against, and ṣiddha (षिद्ध).
8.2.5	भूयस्त्वात् गन्धवत्त्वाच्च पृथिवी गन्धज्ञाने प्रकृतिः bhūyastvāt gandhavattvācca pṛthivī gandhajñāne prakṛtiḥ Because of bhūyastva (भूयस्त्व), a compound: smell, and vattvācca (वत्त्वाच्च), earth, in a compound: smell, and knowing, nature, the model.
8.2.6	तथापस्तेजो वायुश्च रसरूपस्पर्शाविशेषात् tathāpastejo vāyuśca rasarūpasparśāviśeṣāt A compound: so, water, and teja (तेज), vāyuśca (वायुश्च), because of a compound: taste, a form, touch, and no difference.