4.1.11
Vaiśeṣika Sūtra / Adhyāya 4 / 4.1.11
संख्याः परिमाणानि पृथक्त्वं संयोग विभागौ परत्वापरत्वे कर्म च रूपद्रव्यसमवायात् चाक्षुषाणि
saṃkhyāḥ parimāṇāni pṛthaktvaṃ saṃyoga vibhāgau paratvāparatve karma ca rūpadravyasamavāyāt cākṣuṣāṇi
The line
Number, measure, separately, you, conjunction, disjunction, in a compound: priority, and posteriority, an action and, because of a compound: a form, a substance, and inherence, cākṣuṣa (चाक्षुष).
Where it sits
In Vaiśeṣika (वैशेषिक) Sūtra (सूत्र), adhyāya (अध्याय) 4. The eternal and the non-eternal. Atoms. The body. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: saṃkhyāḥ (संख्याः) + parimāṇāni (परिमाणानि) + pṛthak (पृथक्) + tvaṃ (त्वं) + saṃyoga (संयोग) + vibhāgau (विभागौ) + paratva-aparatve (परत्व-अपरत्वे) + karma (कर्म) + ca (च) + rūpa-dravya-samavāyāt (रूप-द्रव्य-समवायात्) + cākṣuṣāṇi (चाक्षुषाणि)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| saṃkhyāḥ (संख्याः) | nominative plural | number |
| parimāṇāni (परिमाणानि) | nominative or accusative plural, neuter | measure |
| pṛthak (पृथक्) | indeclinable | separately |
| tvaṃ (त्वं) | nominative singular | you |
| saṃyoga (संयोग) | the stem, as the line writes it | conjunction |
| vibhāgau (विभागौ) | nominative or accusative dual, masculine | disjunction |
| paratva-aparatve (परत्व-अपरत्वे) | locative singular, or nominative or accusative dual, neuter | a compound: priority, and posteriority. Read it from the end |
| karma (कर्म) | nominative or accusative singular, neuter | an action |
| ca (च) | indeclinable | and |
| rūpa-dravya-samavāyāt (रूप-द्रव्य-समवायात्) | ablative singular | a compound: a form, a substance, and inherence. Read it from the end |
| cākṣuṣāṇi (चाक्षुषाणि) | nominative or accusative plural, neuter | cākṣuṣa (चाक्षुष) |
The phrases
saṃkhyāḥ (संख्याः) is number. It stands as nominative plural. parimāṇāni (परिमाणानि) is measure. It stands as nominative or accusative plural, neuter. pṛthak (पृथक्) is separately. It stands as indeclinable. tvaṃ (त्वं) is you. It stands as nominative singular. The line joins them as pṛthaktvaṃ (पृथक्त्वं). saṃyoga (संयोग) is conjunction. It stands as the stem, as the line writes it. vibhāgau (विभागौ) is disjunction. It stands as nominative or accusative dual, masculine.
paratva-aparatve (परत्व-अपरत्वे) is a compound: priority, and posteriority. Read it from the end. It stands as locative singular, or nominative or accusative dual, neuter. karma (कर्म) is an action. It stands as nominative or accusative singular, neuter. ca (च) is and. It stands as indeclinable. rūpa-dravya-samavāyāt (रूप-द्रव्य-समवायात्) is a compound: a form, a substance, and inherence. Read it from the end. It stands as ablative singular. cākṣuṣāṇi (चाक्षुषाणि) is cākṣuṣa (चाक्षुष). It stands as nominative or accusative plural, neuter.
Sanskrit in this line
rūpa-dravya-samavāyāt (रूप-द्रव्य-समवायात्) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case. The line joins them as pṛthaktvaṃ (पृथक्त्वं).
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss saṃkhyāḥ (संख्याः) and parimāṇāni (परिमाणानि).