4.1.5
Vaiśeṣika Sūtra / Adhyāya 4 / 4.1.5
अविद्या
avidyā
The line
Not-knowing.
Where it sits
In Vaiśeṣika (वैशेषिक) Sūtra (सूत्र), adhyāya (अध्याय) 4. The eternal and the non-eternal. Atoms. The body. The line is short. anityaḥ (अनित्यः) from 4.1.4 is still in force. A sūtra (सूत्र) leaves a word out when the line before still holds it. That carrying is anuvṛtti (अनुवृत्ति).
Split: avidyā (अविद्या)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| avidyā (अविद्या) | nominative singular, feminine, or instrumental singular | not-knowing |
The phrases
avidyā (अविद्या) is not-knowing. It stands as nominative singular, feminine, or instrumental singular.
Hold the words in that order. The English of the whole line comes after them.
Sanskrit in this line
avidyā (अविद्या) is nominative singular, feminine, or instrumental singular. That ending is the work an English preposition would do.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss avidyā (अविद्या).