4.1.9
Vaiśeṣika Sūtra / Adhyāya 4 / 4.1.9
तेन रसगन्धस्पर्शेषु ज्ञानं व्याख्यातम्
tena rasagandhasparśeṣu jñānaṃ vyākhyātam
The line
By means of by that, in a compound: taste, smell, and touch, knowing, has been explained.
Where it sits
In Vaiśeṣika (वैशेषिक) Sūtra (सूत्र), adhyāya (अध्याय) 4. The eternal and the non-eternal. Atoms. The body. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: tena (तेन) + rasa-gandha-sparśeṣu (रस-गन्ध-स्पर्शेषु) + jñānaṃ (ज्ञानं) + vyākhyātam (व्याख्यातम्)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| tena (तेन) | instrumental singular | by that |
| rasa-gandha-sparśeṣu (रस-गन्ध-स्पर्शेषु) | locative plural | a compound: taste, smell, and touch. Read it from the end |
| jñānaṃ (ज्ञानं) | nominative or accusative singular, neuter | knowing |
| vyākhyātam (व्याख्यातम्) | nominative or accusative singular, neuter | has been explained |
The phrases
tena (तेन) is by that. It stands as instrumental singular. rasa-gandha-sparśeṣu (रस-गन्ध-स्पर्शेषु) is a compound: taste, smell, and touch. Read it from the end. It stands as locative plural.
jñānaṃ (ज्ञानं) is knowing. It stands as nominative or accusative singular, neuter. vyākhyātam (व्याख्यातम्) is has been explained. It stands as nominative or accusative singular, neuter.
Sanskrit in this line
rasa-gandha-sparśeṣu (रस-गन्ध-स्पर्शेषु) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss tena (तेन) and rasa-gandha-sparśeṣu (रस-गन्ध-स्पर्शेषु).
Next
4.1.10. A compound: tasyābhā (तस्याभा), honest debate, vyabhi (व्यभि), and cāra (चार).