5.2.3
Vaiśeṣika Sūtra / Adhyāya 5 / 5.2.3
अपां संयोगाभावे गुरुत्वात् पतनम्
apāṃ saṃyogābhāve gurutvāt patanam
The line
Of water, in a compound: conjunction, and absence, because of weight, patana (पतन).
Where it sits
In Vaiśeṣika (वैशेषिक) Sūtra (सूत्र), adhyāya (अध्याय) 5. Action: movement in the hand, and what sets a thing moving. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: apāṃ (अपां) + saṃyoga-abhāve (संयोग-अभावे) + gurutvāt (गुरुत्वात्) + patanam (पतनम्)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| apāṃ (अपां) | genitive plural, or accusative singular, feminine | water |
| saṃyoga-abhāve (संयोग-अभावे) | locative singular, or nominative or accusative dual, neuter | a compound: conjunction, and absence. Read it from the end |
| gurutvāt (गुरुत्वात्) | ablative singular | weight |
| patanam (पतनम्) | accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter | patana (पतन) |
The phrases
apāṃ (अपां) is water. It stands as genitive plural, or accusative singular, feminine. saṃyoga-abhāve (संयोग-अभावे) is a compound: conjunction, and absence. Read it from the end. It stands as locative singular, or nominative or accusative dual, neuter.
gurutvāt (गुरुत्वात्) is weight. It stands as ablative singular. patanam (पतनम्) is patana (पतन). It stands as accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter.
Sanskrit in this line
saṃyoga-abhāve (संयोग-अभावे) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss apāṃ (अपां) and saṃyoga-abhāve (संयोग-अभावे).