6.1.12
Vaiśeṣika Sūtra / Adhyāya 6 / 6.1.12
एतेन हीनसमविशिष्ट धार्मिकेभ्यः परस्वादानं व्याख्यातम्
etena hīnasamaviśiṣṭa dhārmikebhyaḥ parasvādānaṃ vyākhyātam
The line
By means of by this, a compound: hīna (हीन), an equalizing, a rejoinder that turns an example back, and viśiṣṭa (विशिष्ट), for dhārmika (धार्मिक), a compound: another, the higher, and svādāna (स्वादान), has been explained.
Where it sits
In Vaiśeṣika (वैशेषिक) Sūtra (सूत्र), adhyāya (अध्याय) 6. The Veda's sentences, and how dharma (धर्म) and adharma (अधर्म) are known. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: etena (एतेन) + hīna-sama-viśiṣṭa (हीन-सम-विशिष्ट) + dhārmikebhyaḥ (धार्मिकेभ्यः) + para-svādānaṃ (पर-स्वादानं) + vyākhyātam (व्याख्यातम्)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| etena (एतेन) | instrumental singular | by this |
| hīna-sama-viśiṣṭa (हीन-सम-विशिष्ट) | a compound, the ending is on the last member | a compound: hīna (हीन), an equalizing, a rejoinder that turns an example back, and viśiṣṭa (विशिष्ट). Read it from the end |
| dhārmikebhyaḥ (धार्मिकेभ्यः) | dative or ablative plural | dhārmika (धार्मिक) |
| para-svādānaṃ (पर-स्वादानं) | accusative singular, masculine | a compound: another, the higher, and svādāna (स्वादान). Read it from the end |
| vyākhyātam (व्याख्यातम्) | nominative or accusative singular, neuter | has been explained |
The phrases
etena (एतेन) is by this. It stands as instrumental singular. hīna-sama-viśiṣṭa (हीन-सम-विशिष्ट) is a compound: hīna (हीन), an equalizing, a rejoinder that turns an example back, and viśiṣṭa (विशिष्ट). Read it from the end. It stands as a compound, the ending is on the last member. dhārmikebhyaḥ (धार्मिकेभ्यः) is dhārmika (धार्मिक). It stands as dative or ablative plural.
para-svādānaṃ (पर-स्वादानं) is a compound: another, the higher, and svādāna (स्वादान). Read it from the end. It stands as accusative singular, masculine. vyākhyātam (व्याख्यातम्) is has been explained. It stands as nominative or accusative singular, neuter.
Sanskrit in this line
hīna-sama-viśiṣṭa (हीन-सम-विशिष्ट) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss etena (एतेन) and hīna-sama-viśiṣṭa (हीन-सम-विशिष्ट).
Next
6.1.13. So, in that way, of a contradictory reason, giving up, the relinquishment in the rite.