3.18
नैव तस्य कृतेनार्थो नाकृतेनेह कश्चन ।
न चास्य सर्वभूतेषु कश्चिदर्थव्यपाश्रयः ॥
naiva tasya kṛtenārtho nākṛteneha kaścana
na cāsya sarvabhūteṣu kaścid arthavyapāśrayaḥ
śrībhagavān (श्रीभगवान्) is speaking, and he finishes the portrait of the man in 3.17.
The verse
He has nothing to gain here by what is done, nor anything by what is left undone, and among all beings he has nothing he must lean on.
नेपालीमा
यहाँ गरेकोले उसलाई पाइने केही छैन, नगरेकोले पनि छैन, र सबै प्राणीमा उसले टेक्नुपर्ने केही छैन।
Where it sits
3.17 said there is nothing he must do, and this verse says why the world's ledger does not apply to him. He is not the man addressed with kuru (कुरु), and that return is the next verse.
Split: न + एव + तस्य + कृतेन + अर्थः + न + अकृतेन + इह + कश्चन + न + च + अस्य + सर्व-भूतेषु + कश्चित् + अर्थ-व्यपाश्रयः
na + eva + tasya + kṛtena + arthaḥ + na + akṛtena + iha + kaścana + na + ca + asya + sarva-bhūteṣu + kaścit + artha-vyapāśrayaḥ
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| न | na | indeclinable | not. |
| एव | eva | indeclinable | indeed. |
| तस्य | tasya | genitive | for him. The man of 3.17. |
| कृतेन | kṛtena | instrumental | by what is done. |
| अर्थः | arthaḥ | nominative | a purpose, a thing to be gained. |
| न | na | indeclinable | not. |
| अकृतेन | akṛtena | instrumental | by what is not done. |
| इह | iha | indeclinable | here. |
| कश्चन | kaścana | nominative | anything. With na (न), nothing. |
| न | na | indeclinable | not. |
| च | ca | indeclinable | and. |
| अस्य | asya | genitive | his. |
| सर्व-भूतेषु | sarva-bhūteṣu | locative plural | among all beings. |
| कश्चित् | kaścit | nominative | any. |
| अर्थ-व्यपाश्रयः | artha-vyapāśrayaḥ | nominative | a purpose he must lean on, a dependence. |
The phrases
न एव तस्य कृतेन अर्थः naiva tasya kṛtenārthaḥ says doing gives him nothing he needs. न + एव na + eva is naiva (नैव). कृतेन + अर्थः kṛtena + arthaḥ is kṛtenārthaḥ (कृतेनार्थः), and that arthaḥ (अर्थः) before na (न) is artho (अर्थो).
न अकृतेन इह कश्चन nākṛteneha kaścana says not-doing gives him nothing either. There is no purpose here in what is left undone.
न च अस्य सर्वभूतेषु कश्चित् अर्थव्यपाश्रयः na cāsya sarvabhūteṣu kaścid arthavyapāśrayaḥ takes the claim off himself and puts it among beings. He has nothing, in all of them, that he must lean on. कश्चित् + अर्थ kaścit + artha voices the t (त्): kaścid artha (कश्चिदर्थ).
Sanskrit in this line
न + एव na + eva is naiva (नैव). अ + ए a + e becomes ai (ऐ). The same join made caiva (चैव) in 1.1, from च + एव ca + eva. Here the first word is the negative, and the join is why a reciter can miss the na (न). It is still there, inside the ai (ऐ).
Say it back
Three negatives: nothing from doing, nothing from not doing, nothing to lean on. If one of the three falls out, the portrait is a different man.