3.34
इन्द्रियस्येन्द्रियस्यार्थे रागद्वेषौ व्यवस्थितौ ।
तयोर्न वशमागच्छेत्तौ ह्यस्य परिपन्थिनौ ॥
indriyasyendriyasyārthe rāgadveṣau vyavasthitau
tayor na vaśam āgacchet tau hy asya paripanthinau
śrībhagavān (श्रीभगवान्) is speaking, and nature's push from 3.33 gets two names.
The verse
Attachment and hatred stand in the object of every sense; one should not come under the power of those two, for they are the two who block his path.
नेपालीमा
हरेक इन्द्रियको विषयमा आसक्ति र घृणा बसेका छन्। ती दुईको वशमा पर्नु हुँदैन, किनकि ती दुई नै उसको बाटो छेक्ने हुन्।
Where it sits
3.33 said restraint will not cancel nature, and this verse still draws a line inside it: do not come under these two. They are the ambush on the way to the dharma of the next verse.
Split: इन्द्रियस्य + इन्द्रियस्य + अर्थे + राग-द्वेषौ + व्यवस्थितौ + तयोः + न + वशम् + आगच्छेत् + तौ + हि + अस्य + परिपन्थिनौ
indriyasya + indriyasya + arthe + rāga-dveṣau + vyavasthitau + tayoḥ + na + vaśam + āgacchet + tau + hi + asya + paripanthinau
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| इन्द्रियस्य | indriyasya | genitive | of a sense. |
| इन्द्रियस्य | indriyasya | genitive | of each sense. The repetition is "sense after sense." |
| अर्थे | arthe | locative | in the object. |
| राग-द्वेषौ | rāga-dveṣau | nominative dual | attachment and hatred. |
| व्यवस्थितौ | vyavasthitau | nominative dual | standing, settled. |
| तयोः | tayoḥ | genitive dual | of those two. |
| न | na | indeclinable | not. |
| वशम् | vaśam | accusative | power, sway. |
| आगच्छेत् | āgacchet | optative, 3rd singular | one should come. |
| तौ | tau | nominative dual | those two. |
| हि | hi | indeclinable | for. |
| अस्य | asya | genitive | his. |
| परिपन्थिनौ | paripanthinau | nominative dual | the two who block the path. |
The phrases
indriyasya indriyasya arthe rāgadveṣau vyavasthitau (इन्द्रियस्य इन्द्रियस्य अर्थे रागद्वेषौ व्यवस्थितौ) is where the two stand. In the object of every sense, attachment and hatred are settled. इन्द्रियस्य + इन्द्रियस्य indriyasya + indriyasya is indriyasyendriyasya (इन्द्रियस्येन्द्रियस्य). The second इन्द्रियस्य + अर्थे indriyasya + arthe is indriyasyārthe (इन्द्रियस्यार्थे).
तयोः न वशम् आगच्छेत् tayoḥ na vaśam āgacchet is the order. One should not come under the power of those two. तयोः + न tayoḥ + na is tayor na (तयोर्न). वशम् + आगच्छेत् vaśam + āgacchet is vaśam āgacchet (वशमागच्छेत्). आगच्छेत् + तौ āgacchet + tau doubles the t (त्): āgacchet tau (आगच्छेत्तौ).
तौ हि अस्य परिपन्थिनौ tau hy asya paripanthinau says why. Those two are the ones who stand in his path. हि + अस्य hi + asya is hy asya (ह्यस्य).
Sanskrit in this line
The dual is doing the work of the number two. rāgadveṣau (रागद्वेषौ), vyavasthitau (व्यवस्थितौ), tayoḥ (तयोः), tau (तौ), paripanthinau (परिपन्थिनौ) are all dual. Attachment is one, hatred is the other, and the verse will not let either travel alone. A plural would be a crowd. A singular would be one enemy. He has two.
Say it back
Name the pair, where they stand, and what he must not do. If rāga (राग) is kept and dveṣa (द्वेष) is dropped, half the ambush is missing.