8.12
सर्वद्वाराणि संयम्य मनो हृदि निरुध्य च ।
मूध्न्यार्धायात्मनः प्राणमास्थितो योगधारणाम् ॥
sarvadvārāṇi saṃyamya mano hṛdi nirudhya ca
mūdhnyārdhāyātmanaḥ prāṇam āsthito yogadhāraṇām
Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण) continues. This is the brief declaration promised in 8.11. The finite verb is still one verse ahead.
The verse
Having restrained all the gates and confined the mind in the heart, having placed the self's breath in the head, he is settled in the holding of yoga.
नेपालीमा
सबै द्वार रोकेर, मनलाई हृदयमा बन्द गरेर, आत्माको प्राणलाई शिरमा राखेर, ऊ योगको धारणामा अडिएको हुन्छ।
Where it sits
8.11 promised the station in brief. This verse is the brief form of the body at that hour: gates shut, mind in the heart, breath in the head, settled in the holding. 8.13 will give that man a syllable to utter and a person to remember, and then the verb of going.
Split: सर्व-द्वाराणि + संयम्य + मनः + हृदि + निरुध्य + च + मूर्ध्नि + आधाय + आत्मनः + प्राणम् + आस्थितः + योग-धारणाम्
sarva-dvārāṇi + saṃyamya + manaḥ + hṛdi + nirudhya + ca + mūrdhni + ādhāya + ātmanaḥ + prāṇam + āsthitaḥ + yoga-dhāraṇām
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| सर्व-द्वाराणि | sarva-dvārāṇi | accusative plural, neuter | all the gates. dvāra (द्वार) "door," here the openings of the body. |
| संयम्य | saṃyamya | gerund | having restrained. sam (सम्) + yam (यम्). |
| मनः | manaḥ | accusative of manas (मनस्) | the mind. |
| हृदि | hṛdi | locative of hṛd (हृद्) | in the heart. |
| निरुध्य | nirudhya | gerund | having confined. ni (नि) + rudh (रुध्). |
| च | ca | indeclinable | and. |
| मूर्ध्नि | mūrdhni | locative of mūrdhan (मूर्धन्) | in the head. |
| आधाय | ādhāya | gerund of ā-dhā (आ-धा) | having placed. |
| आत्मनः | ātmanaḥ | genitive of ātman (आत्मन्) | of the self. |
| प्राणम् | prāṇam | accusative | the breath. |
| आस्थितः | āsthitaḥ | nominative, past participle | settled in, resorted to. ā (आ) + sthā (स्था). |
| योग-धारणाम् | yoga-dhāraṇām | accusative | the holding that yoga trains. dhāraṇā (धारणा) "holding, concentration." |
The phrases
sarvadvārāṇi saṃyamya (सर्वद्वाराणि संयम्य) is the first "having." All the gates restrained. mano hṛdi nirudhya ca (मनो हृदि निरुध्य च) is the second. And the mind confined in the heart. Two gerunds, one person, who will be yaḥ (यः) in 8.13.
mūrdhni ādhāya ātmanaḥ prāṇam (मूर्ध्नि आधाय आत्मनः प्राणम्) is the third. Having placed the self's breath in the head. This is the same placing as bhruvoḥ madhye (भ्रुवोः मध्ये) in 8.10, said from the head rather than from the point between the brows. āsthitaḥ yogadhāraṇām (आस्थितः योगधारणाम्) is the state he is settled in. The participle is nominative. The holding is accusative, the thing he has resorted to.
Sanskrit in this line
The recited string mūdhnyārdhāyātmanaḥ (मूध्न्यार्धायात्मनः) is मूर्ध्नि + आधाय + आत्मनः mūrdhni + ādhāya + ātmanaḥ. The r (र्) written after yā (या) is the repha of mūrdhan (मूर्धन्), "head," not a word ardha (अर्ध) "half." इ + आ i + ā becomes yā (या), so mūrdhni ādhāya (मूर्ध्नि आधाय) is sounded mūrdhnyādhāya (मूर्ध्न्याधाय). Then अ + आ a + ā joins ādhāya (आधाय) to ātmanaḥ (आत्मनः). Read the split, and recite the printed line as that split.
Say it back
Gates, mind, breath, and the holding. If the breath is placed in the heart and the mind in the head, the two locatives have been swapped.